Q1 Nature of Science Review

The independent/tested variable is the ONE thing you _____ to test your hypothesis.

• change

• keep the same

• measure

• don't change

The variable that is measured during an investigation is the ________________

• Controlled Variable

• Responsive Variable

• Dependent Variable/ Outcome Variable

• Independent Variable/ Tested Variable

Which statement describes Science the most accurately?

• Scientific claims do not need to be tested

• Scientific knowledge never changes

• Science is investigating the world around us

• Science is always unbiased

• All of the above

Which of the following statements describe SCIENCE? Check ALL that apply

• Ideas change if new evidence does not support it.

• Does not change

• Is skeptical of untested claims

• Uses and requires valid evidence

• Ignores evidence that contradicts its claims

Which is a group of variables handled under NORMAL CONDITIONS and only during an EXPERIMENT.

• Independent/Tested Variable

• Dependent/Outcome Variabale

• Controlled Variables

• Control Group

Which of the following are true regarding the control group? (Check ALL that apply.)

• It’s the group handled under NORMAL CONDITIONS and only during an EXPERIMENT.

• it’s purpose is to COMPARE something under normal conditions to something new you are testing.

• It is the group that does NOT GET TESTED with the test variable (independent variable).

An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid; water, apple juice, or milk. In this investigation, the CONTROL GROUP is ...

• The plant group that grows the tallest

• The only group being measured

• The plants receiving the IV/Tested Variables

• The plants only receiving the water (NOT the IV)

To make sure the body is healthy and functioning properly, different systems work together to maintain a balance called homeostasis. A student wants to investigate the relationship between the respiratory system and the circulatory system. She decided to try a small experiment. She took her heart rate at rest for one minute. She also counted the number of times she was exhaling in the same amount of time. Then she ran on the spot for 5 minutes and repeated the same measurements immediately. Her results were placed in a graph as shown below. Based on the chart created by Jamie, predict the plausible outcome of her heart and breathing rate if she continued to run in place for another five minutes.

• Jamie’s heart rate would continue to be the same while her breathing rate increases to 120 rate/min before starting the activity.

• Jamie’s heart rate increases while her breathing rate decreases to 80 rate/min.

• Jamie’s heart and breathing rate will remain unchanged.

• Jamie’s heart rate will increase approximately to 240 rate/min and her breathing rate will increase to about 120 rate/min before starting the activity.

Students hypothesize that temperature is a limiting factor for the germination of seeds. They carry out an experiment to test their hypothesis in which temperature is the independent variable. First, the students label two plastic bags A and B. They place a damp paper towel in each bag. They place one bean seed in each bag. Then they place one bag in the refrigerator and the other bag on the

windowsill. Whenever the paper towels look dry, they add more water. Each day they check to see if the seeds have germinated and record their observations in a data table. Which of the following describes the dependent variable of this experiment?

• temperature

• bag

• length

• water

A scientist puts together the following chart with data on different types of cells. The scientist compares the mass of each type of cell in a human having a mass of 45 kg (100 lbs). Based on the data in the table, which of the following statements is the scientist most likely studying?

• how many cells of different types are found in the average human body

• whether the amount of bone marrow cells affects the amount of erythrocytes

• if decreasing the number of adipocytes will lead to increased muscle cells

• whether people with increased muscle cells have lower body mass