Ch. 13 - The Cold War

SS.912.A.6.10

Which of these conditions was an economic cause of the Cold War in Europe?

• Stalin resented the fact that the Western Allies had delayed the invasion of France during the war.

• Truman failed to share the secrets of the atomic bomb at the Potsdam Conference.

• The United States had a capitalist system while the Soviet Union had a Communist system with central planning.

• Stalin felt the Soviet Union had the right to establish a "sphere of influence" in Eastern Europe.

SS.912.A.6.10

"At the present moment in history nearly every nation must choose between alternative ways of life. The choice is too often not a free one....

I believe it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation [overthrow] by armed minorities or by outside pressures.... If we falter in our leadership, we may endanger the peace of the world—and we shall surely endanger the welfare of our own nation."

—President Harry S. Truman, March 12, 1947

What threat was President Truman referring to in the speech above?

• a regional war between India and Pakistan

• the spread of Communism to Greece and Turkey

• Communist infiltration in the U. S. State Department

• Vietnamese resistance to the continuation of imperialism

SS.912.A.6.10

Which phrase best completes this graphic organizer above?

• Military defeat of Nazi Germany

• Federal aid to American farmers

• Economic aid to other countries

• Free trade with Canada

SS.912.A.6.10

How was the Marshall Plan designed to discourage the spread of Communism in Europe?

• by joining European nations together into the European Union

• by restoring economic stability to the nations of Western Europe

• by providing military assistance to France, Great Britain, and Italy

• by establishing freely elected governments in Poland and Czechoslovakia

SS.912.A.6.13

The timeline above displays the sequence of several key events of the Cold War.

Which foreign policy did American leaders follow in response to these events?

• imperialism

• isolationism

• containment

• détente

SS.912.A.6.10

Article 5

The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all and consequently they agree that, if such an armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of the right of individual or collective self-defense recognized by Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, will assist the Party or Parties so attacked by taking forthwith, individually and in concert with the other Parties, such action as it deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area.

—North Atlantic Treaty, April 4, 1949

Which action was a response to the organization created by this treaty?

• formation of the Warsaw Pact

• announcement of the Marshall Plan

• falling of the "Iron Curtain" over Eastern Europe

• application of the Eisenhower Doctrine to Lebanon

SS.912.A.6.13

Which sentence best completes this diagram?

• Stalin cut off supply routes to democratic West Berlin.

• Stalin allowed free access to West Berlin by railroad and air.

• Stalin built a wall in Berlin to separate East and West Berliners.

• Stalin united all the Allied sectors of Berlin under one city government.

SS.912.A.6.13

This picture shows American soldiers placing milk on an airplane bound for Berlin in 1948.

What was the long-term significance of this airlift?

• It showed that the Western Allies had forgiven Germans for their actions in World War Il.

• It demonstrated that the United States would resist any further attempts to spread Communism.

• It confirmed that Americans believed that Europe was more important than Asia.

• It indicated that air travel was becoming less expensive than travel by train or car.

SS.912.A.6.12

Which foreign policy goal led to the instructions issued in the document above?

• American leaders wanted to prevent China from taking over North Korea.

• American leaders wanted to unite North and South into one democratic republic.

• American leaders wanted to maintain military bases in both North and South Korea.

• American leaders wanted to prevent Communist North Korea from taking over South Korea.

SS.912.A.6.12

Which statement best summarizes the outcome of the Korean War?

• North Korea made minor gains in the south but lost territory in the north to China.

• A majority of North Koreans fled southward causing a collapse of the North Korean government.

• North and South Korea remained divided at the 38th parallel, just as they had been before the war.

• Korea was reunited under a coalition government consisting of both Northerners and Southerners