Hydrology Review

Which of the following contains MOST of the water on Earth?

• the oceans

• watersheds

• the atmosphere

• ice and aquifers

Which two statements in the table are true about the changing salt concentrations of ocean water?

• 1 and 3

• 1 and 4

• 2 and 3

• 2 and 4

The figure below shows how water is distributed on Earth.

Which of the following contains the largest percentage of Earth’s fresh water?

• lakes

• groundwater

• glaciers and ice caps

• ground ice and permafrost

Which will most likely result if there is increased upwelling in a coastal area?

• more aquatic life

• less nutrients in the water

• higher water temperatures

• fewer nitrates

In which oceanic zone do clams and crabs survive by burrowing in the sand?

• oceanic

• intertidal

• deep ocean

• open ocean

Which best describes the shallow water ocean zone?

• The long water column protects small organisms from being eaten by large predators.

• Cooler water temperatures cause a decrease in dissolved oxygen needed by organisms.

• Sunlight penetration increases algae growth and provides food for a variety of organisms.

• Hydrothermal vents provide heat and dissolved minerals needed by some organisms to survive.

Why are many fishing boats found near ocean upwellings?

• There is less vegetation there.

• The water is less turbulent there.

• Many marine species gather there to eat the nutrients brought to the surface.

• Upwellings are found in more shallow waters, so boats do not need deep anchorage.

If a body of water has high turbidity levels, what can most likely be concluded?

• It has a low pH.

• It is unsafe to drink.

• It is too hot to drink.

• It contains a lot of chemicals.

Turbidity measurements were taken at different distances from the shore of a lake.

Which best explains why the turbidity increases as water samples are taken closer to the shore?

• Shoreline erosion causes sediment to wash into the lake.

• Sediment is carried from the middle of the lake to the shore by wind.

• Swimmers stir up sediment by splashing in the water near the shore.

• Fish stir up sediment while feeding on plants that grow close to the shore.

Fish tank owners will often add ammonia to the tank to increase the nitrate levels. If too much ammonia is added, what might occur?

• Algae growth will stop, and oxygen will not be produced.

• Algae growth will increase, causing oxygen levels to increase.

• Algae growth will increase, causing oxygen levels to decrease.

• Algae growth will decrease, causing oxygen levels to decrease.