Intro - Unit 6 Vocabulary Review

a section of DNA that carries the information on how to make one protein

• gene

• chromosome

• chromatid

• nucleotide

the biological process of building proteins based on DNA instructions

• Protein synthesis

• Translation

• Transcription

• Protein denaturation

the part of DNA that makes up the "rungs" of the ladder-like structure;

• nitrogenous base

• nucleotides

• sugar molecules

• phosphate molecules

the type of molecule that makes up DNA and RNA; contains a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

• nucleotide

• nitrogenous base

• carbohydrate

• phosphate

the process of copying a strand of DNA

• DNA replication

• DNA polymerase

• Transcription

• Translation

information is transferred from DNA to RNA to proteins, but once the information is in the form of a protein, the transfer cannot be reversed

• Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

• Anticodon

• DNA law

• Protein synthesis

the sequence of three nucleotides on transfer RNA that pairs with the codons of messenger RNA

• anticodons

• codons

• phosphates

• triplets

a sequence of three nucleotide bases that represents the code for one amino acid

• codon

• triplets

• anticodon

• phosphates

a type of RNA that transfers the code from DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• RNA polymerase

a type of RNA that "reads" the codons from messenger RNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

• mRNA

• RNA polymerase