Unit 4: Greek Philosophy/Mythology

Love of wisdom; study of nature and meaning of life

• Mystery Religion

• Architecture

• Philosophy

• Reason

Human power to think clearly and draw conclusions

• Studiousness

• Inference

• Memorization

• Reason

"All men are moral. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal." Example of:

• Tautology

• Logical syllogism

• Hypothesis

• Natural fallacy

Philosophers of the 6th and 5th centuries B.C. who were the first philosophers and scientists in Western history

• Aristotelians

• Nominalists

• Platonists

• Pre-Socratics

Problem with the sophists

• Did not believe in absolute truth

• Taught the art of rhetoric

• Skilled at debate

• Philosophized on life-issues

Criticized Sophists and taught that absolute truth could be known; first of the "big three" philosophers

• Zeno

• Plato

• Aristotle

• Socrates

Method of teaching by continually asking questions to students

• Logical deduction

• Reasoning

• Socratic Method

• Philosophical pedagogy

Charge brought against Socrates

• inciting violence

• fighting authority

• corrupting the youth

• playing loud music

Philosopher and student of Socrates who wrote about his teacher, as well as his own philosophy (The Republic)

• Plato

• Zeno

• Aristotle

• Anaximander

School founded by Plato

• University

• Academy

• Kindergarten

• College