3.3.1 Gel Electrophoresis

This laboratory procedure is known as

• CLONING

• gel electrophoresis

• chromatography

• use of a dichotomous key

In preparation for an electrophoresis procedure, enzymes are added to DNA in order to

• convert the DNA into gel

• cut the DNA into fragments

• change the color of the DNA

• produce longer sections of DNA

The parents of a new baby believe they brought the wrong child home from the hospital. Gel electrophoresis was performed using DNA samples from the parents and the child. A section of the gel

electrophoresis results is shown below. Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results?

• They have the correct child, because her genetic information is identical to that of the father.

  
  

• They have the wrong child, because her genetic information does not match that of either parent.

• They have the correct child, because her genetic information came from both parents.

  
  

• They have the wrong child, because her genetic information matches only that of the mother.

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A student performed a gel electrophoresis experiment. The results are represented in the diagram

below. Compared to the fragments at the top of the gel, the fragments at the lower end are

• larger, and move slower

• larger, and move faster

• smaller, and move faster

• smaller, and move slower

This technique used to analyze DNA involves the

• synthesis of new DNA strands from subunits

• separation of DNA fragments based on size

• production of genetically engineered DNA molecules

• removal of defective genes from DNA

Sample 1: ATTCCGGTAATCCCGTAATGCCGGATAATACTCCGGTAATATC

Sample 2: ATTCCGGTAATCCCGTAATGCCGGATAATACTCCGGTAATATCThe results of DNA analysis are often used to help determine

• the number of DNA molecules in an organism

• if two species are closely related

  
  

• the number of mRNA molecules in DNA

  
  

• if two organisms contain carbohydrate molecules

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Which suspect is likely guilty?

• Suspect #1
• Suspect #2
• Suspect #3

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DNA fingerprinting works because

• Most genes are dominant
• All organisms contain RNA
• The most important genes are different among most people
• No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 

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In gel electrophoresis, the largest DNA fragment will appear

• closest to the starting wells
• farthest from the starting wells
• three quarters away from the starting wells
• it depends on how many fragments there are

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Once DNA has been extracted from the nucleus of a cell, it is exposed to ______ ______ that act like biochemical scissors to cut the DNA.

• restriction enzymes

• gel agarose

• clotting factors

• electric shock