Unit 3 Assessment

• The development and spread of gunpowder weapons across Eurasia

• The development of new shipbuilding and navigational techniques

• The spread of epidemic diseases across Eurasia, such as the Black Death

• The increased recruitment of nomadic soldiers by large agricultural states

• The growing naval power of the Ottoman Empire in the Mediterranean

• The discovery of maritime routes that linked Europe and Asia through the Indian Ocean

• The naval expeditions of the Ming admiral Zheng He

• The development of the Atlantic system that linked Europe to the Americas and Africa

• promote religious war against fellow Christians

• encourage the creation of a united German state free of papal influence

• demonstrate that an individual’s destiny was predetermined by God

• reform Christian society by adhering more closely to Biblical teachings

• had not adequately supported earlier Crusades against Muslims in the Holy Land

• had become corrupted by power

• had become too heavily influenced by Renaissance Humanism

• had failed to convert Muslims living in Europe to Christianity

The Ottoman Empire’s recruitment of soldiers and bureaucrats through the system depicted in the image is most similar to which broader method that rulers used to strengthen their empires in the period 1450–1750 ?

• The collection of tribute

• Establishment of religious uniformity

• Abolition of feudal privileges

• The granting of autonomy to minority groups

The recruitment depicted in the image is best understood in the context of which of the following developments in the period 1450–1750 ?

• Attempts by imperial states to expand their economic power

• Attempts by imperial states to prevent religious conflict

• Attempts by imperial states to centralize their authority

• Attempts by imperial states to control population growth

The inclusion of the image in the manuscript best illustrates which of the following features of the period 1450–1750 ?

• Rulers using art as a way to communicate with their illiterate subjects

• Rulers using art to expand their territories

• Rulers using art as a way to increase literacy

• Rulers using art to legitimize their rule

Which of the following best explains the process illustrated in the image?

• States increasingly relied on slave soldiers to establish large empires.

• The invention of the stirrup allowed expanding states to use cavalry more effectively.

• The development of new types of armor reduced casualties and allowed states to expand faster than before.

• States used gunpowder weapons to establish large empires.

The methods of warfare shown in the image were instrumental in explaining the territorial expansion of all of the following land-based empires EXCEPT

• the Safavid Empire

• the Qing (Manchu) Empire

• the Aztec (Mexica) Empire

• the Ottoman Empire

Which of the following explains the most common effect that the process illustrated in the image had on relationships between states in Afro-Eurasia in the period 1450–1750 ?

• It led to deepening rivalries and conflicts as states’ military capabilities grew.

• It led to the emergence of new religious disputes over theological interpretations.

• It led to the establishment of pan-Eurasian nomadic empires, such as the Mongol Empire.

• It led to the adoption of feudal systems of government, as monarchs could not prevent the rising power of military aristocracies.