Important Figures in AP Psychology

His hypothesis is that language determines the way we think

• Benjamin Whorf

• Charles Darwin

• Lewis TErman

id/ego/superego, reality and pleasure principles, ego ideal, defense mechanisms, psychoanalysis, transference

• B.F. Skinner

• John B Watson

• Sigmund Freud

• Carl Jung

Field: functionalism; Contributions: studied how humans use perception to function in our environment

• William James

• William Wundt

• John B Watson

• BF Skinner

First psychology textbook - Principles of Psychology. Influenced by Charles Darwin. Consciousness as a stream or flow of images and sensations

• Sigmund Freud

• William James

• William Wundt

• John B. Watson

Field: behaviorism; Contributions: generalization-inductive reasoning, emphasis on external behaviors of people and their reactions on a given situation; Studies: Little Albert

• William James

• Ivan Pavlov

• BF SKinner

• John B. Watson

Field: memory; Contributions: expert in eyewitness testimony (false memories or misinformation effect); Studies: Reconstruction of Auto.

• Elizabeth Kubler-Ross

• Elizabeth Loftus

• Robert Sternberg

• Albert Bandura

Field: language; Contributions: disagreed with Skinner about language acquisition, stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language, humans have an inborn native ability to develop language

• Benjamin Whorf

• Howard Gardner

• Aaron Beck

• Noam Chomsky

Field: intelligence; Contributions: devised the theory of multiple intelligences (logical-mathematic, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, linguistic, musical, interpersonal, naturalistic)

• Hermann Ebbinghaus

• Lewis Therman

• Howard Gardner

• Charles Spearman

Contributions: found that specific mental talents were highly correlated, concluded that all cognitive abilities showed a common core which he labeled 'g' (general ability)

• Charles Spearman

• Robert Sternberg

• Alfred Binet

• Harry Sullivan

Contributions: general IQ tests, designed test to identify slow learners in need of remediation-not applicable in the U.S. because too culture-bound (French)

• Karl Wernicke

• Francis Galton

• Lewis Terman

• Alfred Binet