DOL: Gene Expression

6D CRISPR-Cas9 is a genetic modification technique that edits parts of the genome of an organism. Using this technique scientists can add, remove, or modify sections of the DNA sequence.

How can scientists use this technique to control gene expression?

• By activating or deactivating specific genes

• By calculating the number of genes different organisms produce

• By identifying how closely related one individual is to another

• By determining the number of chromosomes in an organism

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6D: The Himalayan rabbit's habitat has cold, snowy winters and mild summers. The body is typically covered in white fur except for the nose, feet, tail, and ears, which are covered in black fur. A scientist shaved an area of white fur on the back of a Himalayan rabbit and placed an ice pack over the shaved area. The shaved area grew black fur. Which of these best explains why the hair that grew back where the ice pack was placed was black and not white?

• The genes for black hair were activated by specific temperatures

• The white hair mutated to black hair as the rabbit's body temperature decreased

• The coat color changed from white to black with the age of the rabbit

• White hair only grows during certain times of the year

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6D From a single fertilized ovum undergoing a series of rapid cell divisions, a human infant develops. The embryonic cells become specialized for a variety of functions. Which of these statements best describes how different cell types develop?

• Each cell type contains only the active parts of the DNA needed for that cell type.

• Each cell type has only one chromosome containing the DNA needed for that cell type.

• Each cell has an identical copy of DNA with enzymes controlling the expression of specific genes, leading to a variety of cells.

• Each cell has multiple copies of DNA that are affected in different ways by the environment to change the function of the cell at regular intervals.

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6D: The arctic fox inhabits northern areas of North America. The same arctic fox is shown in the drawing at different times of the year. What causes this change in fur color?

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6D At birth Himalayan rabbits are usually white over their entire bodies. But when parts of their bodies reach temperatures below 35°C, a pigment that causes these parts to turn black is produced. Which of the following is most likely the cause of this phenomenon?

• Poor blood circulation

• Infection caused by cold temperatures

• Gene expression that is regulated by temperature

• A trait that is both sex-linked and hormone-dependent

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