BR: Gene Expression, Cell Differentiation

Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

• Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 
• Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 
• Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 
• A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 

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How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?

• The two different cells become mutated

• The proteins expressed in each cell are different

• They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.

• The genome of the different cells changes

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The process by which a cell becomes specialized for a specific structure or function.

• cell multiplication
• cell division
• mitosis
• cell differentiation

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What is cell differentiation?

• The process where unspecialized cells become different in structure and function.

• When DNA controls the cell cycle.

• The ability of cells to make more cells.

• The ability of cells to maintain homeostasis.

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Cells that have the ability to become any type of specialized cell in the body are called:

• cell membranes

• stem cells

• nerve cells

• cardiac cells

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All our cells, except sex cells like eggs or sperm, have ___________ DNA

• different
• similar
• exactly the same
• half the amount of 

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How do stem cells know what type of cells to differentiate into?

• The nucleus has instructions to turn some genes on and some genes off.
• Signals from chemicals in the organism or from the environment determine which genes will be turned on and off.
• Genes turn on and off randomly.
• The cell has unique DNA that determines what the cell will become.

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What is one goal of cellular differentiation/specialization?

• To create specialized cells to help organism maintain homeostasis.
• To many cells.
• To make stem cells
• to make single celled organisms

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Specialized Cells have...

• All of their genes switched ON

• All of their genes switched OFF

• Some of their genes switched OFF

• I don't know they like can choose?!?!

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