8.4 & 8.5 Transcription and Translation

The central dogma of molecular biology states that information flows in one direction from- (which answer choice shows how genetic information moves?

• nucleus to DNA to cytoplasm.

• ribosomes to proteins to DNA.

• genes to nuclei to ribosomes

• DNA to RNA to proteins.

Choose the RNA sequence that would be complementary to the following DNA strand: GTAGTCA

• UATUAGA

• ACGACTG

• CAUCAGU

• CATCAGT

The main function of tRNA is to-

• Carry a message that, when translated, forms proteins

• form a portion of ribosomes, a cell's protein factories

• string together complementary RNA and DNA strands

• bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes.

Which of the following events occurs directly after RNA polymerase recognizes the transcription start site of a gene?

• The polymerase strings amino acids into a polypeptide

• Free-floating nucleotides pair up with exposed DNA bases

• A complementary RNA strand detaches itself from the DNA

• The DNA strand begins to unwind, separating the two strands.

A primary difference between transcription and replication is that transcription-

• copies the genetic information for only one gene

• occurs within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells

• is catalyzed by large and complex enzymes

• proceeds according to careful cellular control.

What is the term of a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?

• base

• codon

• amine

• serine

Which phrase best describes translation?

• uses mRNA to make a polypeptide

• catalyzes bonds between amino acids

• produces RNA from DNA molecules

• recycles tRNA molecules for reuse

Which of the following is the site of TRANSCRIPTION?

• vauole

• lysosomes

• nucleus

• ribosomes

Which of the following is the site of translation?

• vacuole

• lysosome

• nucleus

• ribosome

Which lists the correct steps of protein synthesis?

• DNA replication --> Transcription

• Transcription --> DNA replication

• Transcription --> translation

• Translation --> Transcription