BIO411 Cell Signaling

This is an example of

• paracrine signaling

• endocrine signaling

• autocrine signaling

• juxtacrine signaling

Which letter represents the cell membrane?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which letter represents the cell surface receptor protein?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Which letter represents the ligand?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

What is being depicted in the image?

• Amplification of the signal molecule

• Enzymatic proteins inhibiting process of the signal transduction pathway

• Kinase groups adding dimer groups to other enzymes

• Diffusion of molecules within the cell due to the signaling molecule

Which of the following is a chemical message that usually travels through the bloodstream to target cells?

• hormone
• local regulator
• endocrine cell

A signal molecule that binds to a plasma-membrane protein is a

• ligand
• second messenger
• protein kinase
• receptor protein

Which of the following is involved in many human medicines for disease?

• cAMP
• Calcium concentration
• G-protein pathways
• receptor tyrosine kinases

Signal amplification is most often achieved by

• an enzyme cascade
• binding of multiple signals
• branching pathways
• action of adenylyl cyclase

What does a protein kinase do?

• removes phosphates
• transfers phosphates from ATP to proteins
• activates an enzyme