Factors that Influence Climate

Prevailing ​ (a)   carry warm, moist air over land.

• winds
• seasons
• waters
• fronts

A ​ (a)   is a small area with climate conditions that differ from those around them.

• microclimate
• semiclimate
• alternate climate
• polar climate

The presence of ​ (a)   in the path of prevailing winds can influence where precipitation falls.

• mountains
• valleys
• buildings
• deserts

Earth's surface is divided into three geographical zones based on ​ (a)   .

• latitude
• longitude
• the Earth's axis
• ocean currents

The diagram shows a weather process that occurs when a large body of water is located near a mountainous area.

This process causes the area on the side of the mountain opposite the body of water to have

• a wet climate.

• a cold climate.

• an icy climate.

• a dry climate.

If an area has a very cold climate, it is most likely that the area

• is close to the equator.

• will support tropical plants.

• does not get much sunlight.

• is close to the ocean.

Some coastal regions of the world have cooler summers and warmer winters than inland regions at the same latitude. What accounts for this difference in climates?

• Coastal areas receive more sunlight.

• Coastal areas are always flat.

• Prevailing winds moderate the weather.

• The ocean moderates air temperatures.

A city along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean experiences a seasonal high of 76°F in the summer. The city experiences a seasonal low of 23°F in the winter.

Another city is 60 miles inland and at the same latitude and elevation. This city will probably experience ​ (a)   summer highs and ​ (b)   winter lows.

• warmer
• cooler
• similar
• similar

The parts of the Earth near the equator receive more sunlight than the north or south poles.

How does this impact the climate at the equator?

• It makes the climate warmer.

• It makes the climate rainy.

• It makes the climate dry.

• It makes the climate cooler.

The fact that water heats and cools more slowly than land causes many different types of weather.

What is the primary source of heat for land and water?

• energy from the Sun

• energy from electricity

• heat from friction in the air

• heat from inside the Earth