Approaches to Research II

Define research.

• the specific method a researcher uses to collect, analyze, and interpret data.

• a directed conversation in which a researcher, therapist, clinician, employer, or the like (the interviewer) intends to elicit specific information from an individual (the interviewee) for purposes of research, diagnosis, treatment, or employment.

• in-depth investigations of a single person, group, event or community.

• the variable in an experiment that is specifically manipulated or is observed to occur before the dependent, or outcome, variable, in order to assess its effect or influence.

Define independent variable.

• the outcome that is observed to occur or change after the occurrence or variation of the independent variable in an experiment, or the effect that one wants to predict or explain in correlational research.

• a term referring to the repetition of a research study, generally with different situations and different subjects, to determine if the basic findings of the original study can be applied to other participants and circumstances.

• the specific method a researcher uses to collect, analyze, and interpret data

• the variable in an experiment that is specifically manipulated or is observed to occur before the dependent, or outcome, variable, in order to assess its effect or influence.

The outcome that is observed to occur or change after the occurrence or variation of the independent variable in an experiment, or the effect that one wants to predict or explain in correlational research.

Define replication.

• an empirically testable proposition about some fact, behavior, relationship, or the like, usually based on theory, that states an expected outcome resulting from specific conditions or assumptions.

• a process for selecting a sample of study participants from a larger potential group of eligible individuals, such that each person has the same fixed probability of being included in the sample and some chance procedure is used to determine who specifically is chosen.

• a term referring to the repetition of a research study, generally with different situations and different subjects, to determine if the basic findings of the original study can be applied to other participants and circumstances.

• any process for selecting a sample of individuals or cases that is neither random nor systematic but rather is governed by chance or ready availability.

Define hypothesis.

• an empirically testable proposition about some fact, behavior, relationship, or the like, usually based on theory, that states an expected outcome resulting from specific conditions or assumptions.

• a term referring to the repetition of a research study, generally with different situations and different subjects, to determine if the basic findings of the original study can be applied to other participants and circumstances.

• a process for selecting a sample of study participants from a larger potential group of eligible individuals, such that each person has the same fixed probability of being included in the sample and some chance procedure is used to determine who specifically is chosen.

• any process for selecting a sample of individuals or cases that is neither random nor systematic but rather is governed by chance or ready availability

What is random sampling?

• any process for selecting a sample of individuals or cases that is neither random nor systematic but rather is governed by chance or ready availability.

• Uses people from target population available at the time and willing to take part. It is based on convenience.

• a sampling technique where participants self-select to become part of a study

• a process for selecting a sample of study participants from a larger potential group of eligible individuals, such that each person has the same fixed probability of being included in the sample and some chance procedure is used to determine who specifically is chosen.

What is convenience sampling?

• any process for selecting a sample of individuals or cases that is neither random nor systematic but rather is governed by chance or ready availability.

• Uses people from target population available at the time and willing to take part. It is based on convenience.

• a sampling technique where participants self-select to become part of a study

• a process for selecting a sample of study participants from a larger potential group of eligible individuals, such that each person has the same fixed probability of being included in the sample and some chance procedure is used to determine who specifically is chosen.

What is opportunity sampling?

• any process for selecting a sample of individuals or cases that is neither random nor systematic but rather is governed by chance or ready availability.

• Uses people from target population available at the time and willing to take part. It is based on convenience.

• a sampling technique where participants self-select to become part of a study

• a process for selecting a sample of study participants from a larger potential group of eligible individuals, such that each person has the same fixed probability of being included in the sample and some chance procedure is used to determine who specifically is chosen.

What is volunteer sampling?

• any process for selecting a sample of individuals or cases that is neither random nor systematic but rather is governed by chance or ready availability.

• Uses people from target population available at the time and willing to take part. It is based on convenience.

• a sampling technique where participants self-select to become part of a study

• a process for selecting a sample of study participants from a larger potential group of eligible individuals, such that each person has the same fixed probability of being included in the sample and some chance procedure is used to determine who specifically is chosen.

What is purposive sampling?

• any process for selecting a sample of individuals or cases that is neither random nor systematic but rather is governed by chance or ready availability.

• Uses people from target population available at the time and willing to take part. It is based on convenience.

• sampling method that focuses on very specific characteristics of the units or individuals chosen

• a process for selecting a sample of study participants from a larger potential group of eligible individuals, such that each person has the same fixed probability of being included in the sample and some chance procedure is used to determine who specifically is chosen.