Unit 5 test review

Survival of the fittest can best be described as –

• the process by which only the strongest of a species will be able to survive and reproduce

• the process in which organisms that are better adapted to their environment will have a better chance of surviving and reproducing

• the reason the strongest of the species will not be able to reproduce as often as others

• the reason weaker organisms in a species will always be killed by predators

Adaptations that result from natural selection are expected to increase the fitness of an organism. In terms of natural selection, which of the following best describes fitness?

• Being able to escape from predators

• Being among the strongest organisms in a population

• Being able to survive, find a mate, and produce offspring

• Being able to survive long enough to reach the adult

"Survival of the fittest" describes which theory

• Natural selection

• Selective breeding

individuals with alleles for an extreme type are more likely to survive and reproduce

• stabilizing selection

• directional selection

• disruptive selection

• genetic drift

the selection pressure favors the extreme phenotypes, dividing the population into 2 distinct groups

• directional selection

• stabilizing selection

• geographic selection

• disruptive selection

Individuals with intermediate traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

• stabilizing selection

• directional selection

• adaptive radiation

• disruptive selection

Tall kelp have a distinct advantage over shorter kelp in receiving needed sunlight in their ocean environment

• directional selection

• disruptive selection

• stabilizing selection

• sexual selection

• artificial selection

Aspen trees that are over 25 m tend to blow over in high winds; aspen that are under 15 m don't get enough sun

• directional selection

• stabilizing selection

• disruptive selection

• artificial selection

• sexual selection

Fish that produce 40,000+ eggs have greater fitness than fish that produce less than this number

• directional selection

• stabilizing selection

• disruptive selection

• artificial selection

• sexual selection

Bacteria that are too large cannot obtain nutrients efficiently and bacteria that are too small cannot compete for those nutrients successfully

• directional selection

• stabilizing selection

• disruptive selection

• artificial selection

• sexual selection