Unit 5 Exam

The diagram below shows two continents where Mesosaurus fossils have been found. Mesosaurus was a freshwater reptile that existed on Earth about 250 million years ago. Which statement best explains why these freshwater Mesosaurus fossils are found today in rock layers in both South America and Africa?

• Mesosaurus swam across the ocean between the continents.

• The continents were once connected as a single landmass.

• Global warming has been rising the sea level in the Atlantic Ocean.

• The remains of Mesosaurus were carried across the ocean by predators

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Scientists recently discovered that rocks collected from the Franklin Mountains in West Texas and rocks collected from mountains in eastern Antarctica were exactly the same age. Further research showed that the rocks were chemically and geologically the same and came from the same magma sources. This discovery provides evidence of –

• Coastal erosion

• Plate tectonics

• Ocean currents

• Glacial melting

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Based on the map, volcanic activity would most likely be found at –

• Location W

• Location X

• Location Y

• Location Z

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

The diagram shows a model of the movement of two tectonic plates. When the plates collide, one plate often moves below the other plate. The rising magma that can result from this type of plate movement may produce –

• fossil layers

• volcanic islands

• deep-seasediment

• seafloor spreading

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

The weather map shows the weather conditions for one day across the United States. Based on the weather map, which city will most likely experience decreasing temperatures during the next 24 hours?

• Denver, because it is raining there

• Minneapolis, because a cold front is approaching

• Atlanta, because a warm front is approaching

• Houston, because it is in a high-pressure area

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

The diagram below shows a lab setup designed to model convection currents in Earth’s mantle. The process modeled in this investigation is most likely to cause –

• Beach erosion

• Island arcs

• Formation of new ocean floor

• Small mountains with frequent earthquakes

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

A student heats salt water in a beaker on a hot plate to model how ocean currents are generated. What is the most important way in which this model fails to accurately show how ocean currents are generated?

• Oceans have fresh, not salt water.

• Oceans are heated from the top, not the bottom.

• Water in the ocean cannot move up and down.

• Ocean water is not contained within something solid.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

A student sets up the investigation shown below. The movement of colored water through the gravel best models –

• Condensation of water vapor

• Surface runoff of precipitation

• Conservation of water

• Pollution of groundwater

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Which of the following changes would eliminate the energy source that generates the convection currents in the ocean?

• Stopping the rotation of the Earth

• Blocking off all solar radiation

• Removing all the salt from sea water

• Eliminating producers from marine habitats

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The topographic map shows the location of a park ranger at Point X when a message is received that an injured hiker needs help at Point Z. Which of these is closest to the difference in elevation between the locations of the ranger and the injured hiker?

• 2,050 m

• 450 m

• 910m

• 3,650 m