AP Psychology Unit 3, Q1

In the figure above, what letter corresponds to the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Which monocular depth cue is illustrated in the figure above?

• Accommodation

• Texture gradient

• Relative size

• Interposition

• Linear perspective

If Carmelita stares at a red spot for one minute and then shifts her gaze to a white piece of paper, she is likely to experience an afterimage that is

• green

• red

• blue

• violet

• black

An individual’s ability to focus on a particular conversation in a noisy and crowded room is called

• auditory localization

• dichotic listening

• deep processing

• divided attention

• selective attention

Even though it was nearly dark outside, Kaci could still tell that the basketball she was playing with was orange. Which of the following concepts is best illustrated in this example?

• Shape constancy

• Color constancy

• Perceptual adaptation

• Interposition

• Absolute threshold

Which of the following refers to the transformation of stimulus energy into neural impulses?

• Perception

• Bottom-up processing

• Top-down processing

• Transduction

• Psychophysics

Luis constructed a flip-book with 30 different still images of a cartoon cat. When Luis quickly flipped through successive images of the cat, the cat appeared to move. Which of the following concepts does the example illustrate?

• Stroboscopic movement, because the book is a series of images presented at separate time intervals.

• Perceptual constancy, because Luis still views the cat as a cat even though it appears as a moving picture.

• Depth perception, because Luis needs both eyes to view the movement.

• Color constancy, because the cat does not appear to change color.

• Interposition, because the pictures are in a sequence that is logical.

The ability to see a cube in the diagram above is best explained by which of the following?

• The resting potential of neurons in the optic nerve

• Gestalt principles of closure and continuity

• The inverted and reversed image that a visual stimulus produces on the retina

• The opponent-process theory of vision

• The trichromatic theory of vision

In the dark, an object is more clearly seen when viewed in peripheral vision than when viewed directly. This phenomenon occurs because the rods located in the retina are

• more sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea

• less sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea

• as sensitive in the dark as cones and are few in number in the fovea

• more numerous than cones are in the fovea

• as numerous as cones are all over the retina

A subliminal stimulus is a stimulus that

• can be detected 5 percent of the time

• falls below the threshold for conscious detection

• activates unconscious associations that affect perceptions, memories, and responses

• has been transformed into neural impulses

• triggers a diminished response due to constant activation