1800-1848 Final Exam Review

During its first quarter-century as a nation, one of the major problems facing America was-

• a lack of good political leadership.

• the growing population of the urban poor

• debates over separation of church and state.

• the rivalry and warfare between France and Britain

John Marshall's Supreme Court decision in the case of Marbury v. Madison established

• the federal government’s authority over the states

• the Constitution allowed the Bank of the United States

• the principle of judicial review

• Congress has the power to regulate interstate commerce

Through Supreme Court cases like McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden, chief justice John Marshall helped to ensure that

• Alexander Hamilton's programs were overturned.

• both the Supreme Court and the President could rule a law unconstitutional.

• political and economic systems were based on a strong central government.

• states retained authority over banking and commerce

A major reason why Thomas Jefferson, a Democratic-Republican, was interested in purchasing Louisiana from France was that he

• hoped to use the land to help the U.S. government construct a transcontinental railroad.

• had learned from Lewis and Clark of the untapped mineral resources in western areas

• wanted to establish a precedent for the expansion of presidential authority

• hoped to preserve an agricultural society by making abundant lands available to future generations

The War of 1812 had all of the following consequences in the United States EXCEPT

• an increase in U.S. manufacturing

• acquisition of new land

• an increase in American nationalism

• the demise of the Federalist party

Henry Clay's idea of an "American System” included all of the following EXCEPT

• protective tariffs to support domestic industries

• internal improvements like roads and canals

• removal of Native American tribes from the West.

• increased trade between all sections of the country

What did the Missouri Compromise (1820) seek to accomplish?

• Prohibiting the future expansion of slavery

• Admitting Missouri to the Union as a free state

• Allowing each new western state to decide the slavery question for itself

• Maintaining the balance between free and slave states

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Monroe Doctrine?

• It established the U.S. claim to being a world power.

• It caused an immediate change in the U.S. role in world affairs.

• It declared U.S. opposition to European intervention in the affairs of independent countries of the Western Hemisphere.

• It asserted the U.S. right to send troops into the countries of Latin America to provide political stability.

The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it

• strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions

• established the role of the federal government in internal improvements

• made the invention of the steamboat economically viable

• spurred trade between the Northeast and the South

The expansion of a market revolution in the early nineteenth century is reflected in which of the following?

• The improvement of transportation and availability of goods

• The continued growth of home labor and cottage industries

• The formation of strong labor unions

• The domination of business consolidations in the economy