Quiz about Behaviour Modification

Question 1

LIMA stands for

Accepted Answer

Least intrusive minimally adversive

Answer

Less Intrusivive maximum affect

Answer

Least intruisive maximumly advantageous

Answer

Least invasive minimally adversive

Question 2

ANY EVENT OR SITUATION THAT EVOKES A RESPONSE IS KNOWN AS?

Accepted Answer

STIMULUS

Answer

ACQUISITION

Answer

REINFORCMENT

Answer

SHAPING

Question 3

WHAT IS THE TYPE OF BEHAVIOR THAT OPERATES ON THE ENVIRONMENT, PRODUCING CONSEQUENCES?

Accepted Answer

OPERANT BEHAVIOR

Answer

BEHAVIORISM

Answer

RESPONDENT BEHAVIOR

Answer

ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING

Question 4

WHAT IS A TYPE OF LEARNING IN WHICH WE LINK TWO OR MORE STIMULI?

Accepted Answer

CLASSICAL CONDITIOINING

Answer

OPERANT CONDITIONING

Answer

COGNITIVE LEARNING

Answer

RESPONDENT BEHAVIOR

Question 5

IN CLASSICAL CONDITIONING, A STIMULUS THAT ELICITS NO RESPONSE BEFORE CONDITIONING

Accepted Answer

NEUTRAL STIMULS

Answer

ACQUISITION

Answer

EXTINCTION

Answer

SHAPING

Question 6

IN CLASSICAL CONDITIONING, WHAT IS THE INITIAL STAGE, WHEN ONE LINKS A NEUTRAL STIMULUS AND AN UNCONDITIONAL STIMULUS SO THAT THE NEUTRAL STIMULUS BEGINS TRIGGERING THE CONDITIONED RESPONSE?

Accepted Answer

ACQUISITION

Answer

REINFORCEMENT

Answer

EXTINCTION

Answer

SHAPING

Question 7

WHAT IS THE DIMINISHING OF A CONDITIONED RESPONSE?

Accepted Answer

EXTINCTION

Answer

OPERANT BEHAVIOR

Answer

ACQUISITION

Answer

STIMULUS

Question 8

IN OPERANT CONDITIONING, WHAT IS AN EVENT THAT STRENGTHENS THE BEHAVIOR IT FOLLOWS?

Accepted Answer

REINFORCMENT

Answer

ACQUISITION

Answer

EXTINCTION

Answer

SHAPING

Question 9

WHAT IS AN OPERANT CONDITIONING PROCEDURE IN WHICH REINFORCERS GUIDE BEHAVIOR TOWARD CLOSER AND CLOSER APPROXIMATIONS?

Accepted Answer

SHAPING

Answer

OPERANT BEHAVIOR

Answer

RESPONDENT BEHAVIOR

Answer

STIMULUS

Question 10

TO PSYCHOLOGISTS, LEARNING IS?

Accepted Answer

A long term change in behavior that is based on experience

Answer

A constant set of individuals situated in a controlled environment

Answer

The typical desks, students, lecture, text books scenario

Answer

All of the above

Question 11

WHAT'S ANOTHER WORD FOR OPERANT IN THE PHRASE OPERANT CONDITIONING?

Accepted Answer

INSTRUMENTAL

Answer

CLASSICAL

Answer

COGNITIVE

Answer

SPATIAL

Question 12

How might chimpanzees learn tool use?

Accepted Answer

OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING

Answer

ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING

Answer

LOGICAL LEARNING

Answer

SOLITARY LEARNING

Question 13

PAVLOV'S DOG SALIVATING EXPERIMENT IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT TYPE OF CONDITIONING?

Accepted Answer

CLASSICAL

Answer

OPERANT

Question 14

A key difference between classical and operant conditioning is that in classical conditioning;

Accepted Answer

the learner is passive, while in operant conditioning the learner is active.

Answer

stimulus discrimination is common, while in operant conditioning stimulus discrimination is rare.

Answer

stimulus generalisation is rare, while in operant conditioning stimulus generalisation is common.

Answer

learning is based on a voluntary response, while in operant conditioning learning is based on a reflexive response.

Question 15

SKINNER'S PIGEON OR RAT BOX EXPERIMENTS ARE AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT TYPE OF CONDITIONING?

Accepted Answer

OPERANT

Answer

CLASSICAL

Question 16

One of the key differences between classical and operant conditioning is that

Accepted Answer

in classical conditioning learning is based on a reflexive response, while in operant conditioning learning

is based on voluntary behaviour.

Answer

in classical conditioning responses can be extinguished, while in operant conditioning responses cannot

be extinguished.

Answer

in classical conditioning responses cannot be extinguished, while in operant conditioning responses can

be extinguished.

Answer

in classical conditioning learning is based on voluntary behaviour, while in operant conditioning learning

is based on a reflexive response.

Question 17

WHAT'S THE BEST CONCISE DEFINITION OF OPERANT CONDITIONING?

Accepted Answer

Explains how consequences lead to changes in voluntary behavior

Answer

Explains how circumstances lead to changes in involuntary behavior

Answer

A philosophical tool used to aide discussions around behavior modification

Answer

The study of how rules are easily broken

Question 18

In _________________ the learner is active.

Accepted Answer

operant conditioning

Answer

classical conditioning

Answer

both operant and classical conditioning

Answer

neither operant nor classical conditioning

Question 19

Which one of the following elements is associated with learning by operant conditioning, but not by classical

conditioning?

Accepted Answer

punishment

Answer

extinction

Answer

stimulus discrimination

Answer

acquisition

Question 20

Who is the psychologist known for Classical Conditioning

Accepted Answer

Ivan Pavlov

Answer

Sigmund Freud

Answer

Skinner

Answer

E.L Thorndike

Question 21

Define conditioned response

Accepted Answer

A response that has been learned

Answer

A response that does not have to be learned

Answer

A stimulus that produced the response in an unconditioned reflex

Answer

A form of learning

Question 22

What is classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Learning caused by pairing and association of two stimuli

Answer

Learning by responding to environmental stimuli

Answer

Learning explained by its consequences

Answer

Learning explained by modelling

Question 23

In Pavlov's classic experiment, food was the

Accepted Answer

Unconditioned stimulus

Answer

Unconditioned response

Answer

conditioned stimulus

Answer

conditioned response

Question 24

Tamara normally feeds her cat canned cat food. She noticed that every time she uses her electric can opener, her cat comes to the kitchen. What is the conditioned stimulus?

Accepted Answer

The sound of the electric can opener

Answer

The cat food

Answer

The cat coming to the kitchen

Answer

Tamara

Question 25

In classical conditioning, the UCR:

Accepted Answer

is the response to the UCS

Answer

happens after the CR

Answer

is the response to the CS.

Answer

triggers the UCS to occur.

Question 26

Which of the following is an unconditioned response?

Accepted Answer

panting in hot weather

Answer

clapping after a thrilling concert performance

Answer

jumping rope

Answer

running through a maze to get a food reward

Question 27

The conditioned stimulus (CS):

Accepted Answer

is originally the neutral stimulus that gains the power to cause the CR.

Answer

is the response to the US.

Answer

triggers an unconditioned response reflexively or automatically when the CR happens.

Answer

is what triggers the US to occur.

Question 28

The conditioned response (CR) is the usually the same as the

Accepted Answer

UCR

Answer

CS

Answer

UCS

Answer

CR

Question 29

Once Pavlov's dogs learned to salivate to the sound of a bell, the bell was a(n)

Accepted Answer

conditioned stimulus

Answer

unconditioned stimulus

Answer

neutral stimulus

Answer

unconditioned response

Question 30

Which of the following is true of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

UCS produces UCR

Answer

CR produces the CS

Answer

UCR produces the CS

Answer

CS produces the UCS

Question 31

Which of the following is an example of Classical Conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Pavlov's Dog

Answer

Punishment

Answer

Positive Reinforcement

Answer

Skinner Box

Question 32

What is a stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Something that causes a response

Answer

A response to an action

Answer

A colloquial phrase

Answer

Something the government uses to help the economy

Question 33

Which type of conditioning focuses on voluntary actions that you can control?

Accepted Answer

Operant

Answer

Classical

Answer

Both

Question 34

A lion in a circus learns to stand up on a chair and jump through a hoop to receive a food treat.

Accepted Answer

operant

Answer

classical

Answer

observational

Question 35

In the Little Albert experiment, the Neutral stimulus is the:

Accepted Answer

rat

Answer

fear

Answer

loud noise

Answer

mother

Question 36

In the Little Albert experiment, the Unconditioned Stimulus is the:

Accepted Answer

loud noise

Answer

fear

Answer

rat

Answer

mother

Question 37

In the Little Albert experiment, the Conditioned stimulus also is the:

Accepted Answer

rat

Answer

fear

Answer

mother

Answer

loud noise

Question 38

The sudden recurrence of a conditioned response after extinction has taken place is referred to as

Accepted Answer

spontaneous recovery

Answer

relearning

Answer

stimulus discrimination

Answer

stimulus generalization

Question 39

The slow process of gradual exposure to a phobic stimulus/situation refers to...

Accepted Answer

Systematic Desensitisation

Answer

Flooding

Answer

Fear Hierarchy

Answer

Classical conditioining

Question 40

What is the key difference between flooding and systematic desensitisation?

Accepted Answer

Flooding involves forced and prolonged exposure to the fear in one single session, whereas SD involves gradual exposure over various sessions

Answer

They are used to treat different types of phobias such as evoluntionary based phobias and other phobias

Question 41

What is classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Learning caused by pairing and association of two stimuli

Answer

Learning by responding to environmental stimuli

Answer

Learning explained by its consequences

Answer

Learning explained by modelling

Question 42

Define conditioned response

Accepted Answer

A response that has been learned

Answer

A response that does not have to be learned

Answer

A stimulus that produced the response in an unconditioned reflex

Answer

A form of learning

Question 43

Learning is defined as

Accepted Answer

A relatively permanent change in the behavior of an organism due to experience

Answer

any behavior emitted by an organism without being elicited

Answer

A changed in the behavior of the organism

Answer

Behavior based on operant rather than respondent conditioning

Question 44

Having to earn 3 gold stars in order to get an item from the class treasure chest is an example of a _______________ schedule of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

fixed ratio

Answer

variable ratio

Answer

fixed interval

Answer

variable interval

Question 45

Having to remain quiet for 10 minutes before you are allowed to go back out and play is a

Accepted Answer

fixed interval

Answer

fixed ratio

Answer

variable ratio

Answer

variable interval

Question 46

Slot machines are an example of ____ schedule of reinforcement. (You don't know how many attempts it will take)

Accepted Answer

variable ratio

Answer

fixed ratio

Answer

fixed interval

Answer

variable interval

Question 47

A student does every homework assignment even though the teacher does not always collect the assignments.  This is an example of

Accepted Answer

variable ratio

Answer

fixed ratio

Answer

fixed interval

Answer

variable interval

Question 48

Your parents will lift your being grounded as soon as you have finished all your chores.  This is an example of

Accepted Answer

negative reinforcement

Answer

positive reinforcement

Answer

aversive control

Question 49

Your allowance for doing your chores at home is an example of

Accepted Answer

positive reinforcement

Answer

negative reinforcement

Answer

aversive control

Question 50

A rat getting food for pressing a lever

Accepted Answer

Positive Reinforcement

Answer

Negative Reinforcement

Answer

Positive Punishment

Answer

Negative Punishment

Question 51

In operant conditioning, behaviors are shaped by

Accepted Answer

consequences

Answer

triggers

Answer

signals

Answer

sounds

Question 52

What did John B. Watson learn from the infamously unethical "Little Albert" experiment?

Accepted Answer

fears can be created by circumstances and conditioning

Answer

Phobias are something we're born with

Answer

all humans have the same innate fears

Answer

children lose fears as they get older

Question 53

True or false: BF Skinner defined operant behavior as organisms operating on an environment and observing.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 54

Punishment is meant to

Accepted Answer

decrease the occurrence of undesirable behaviors

Answer

avoid pain

Answer

increase pleasure

Answer

create a sense of wellness

Question 55

When a response occurs in the presence of one stimulus, but does not occur in the presence of other stimuli, _____________ is said to have taken place

Accepted Answer

discrimination

Answer

association

Answer

generalization

Answer

stimulus recognition

Question 56

Stimulus generalization occurs when

Accepted Answer

an organism responds to new stimuli that are similar to the original conditioned stimulus

Answer

two stimuli are similar to one another

Answer

two stimuli become associated with one another

Question 57

The process that ____________ the likelihood of a behavior occurring again is most appropriately called ___________

Accepted Answer

Increases, Reinforcement

Answer

Increases, Trial and Error Learning

Answer

Decreases, Shaping

Answer

Decreases, Active Learning

Question 58

An unpleasant consequence of a behavior that __________ the likelihood of that behavior occurring again is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

Decreases, Punishment

Answer

Increases, Punishment

Answer

Increases, Reinforcer

Answer

Decreases, Reinforcer

Question 59

What is this called?

Accepted Answer

Skinner Box

Answer

Reinforcement Device

Answer

Shaping Device

Answer

None of the above

Question 60

Small chamber created to conduct operant conditioning research with animals - a lever that an individual animal can operate to obtain a food or water within the chamber as a reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

all answers are correct

Answer

was key to the development of operant theory

Answer

was called a "skinner box"

Answer

provided both reinforcers (food) and punishment (shock)

Question 61

Which of the following is an accurate description of how to best operantly condition a person or animal

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Provide immediate reinforcement or punishment after the behavior occurs

Answer

Find out what is reinforcing to the specific animal or person

Answer

Avoid punishment when possible

Question 62

In the process of operant conditioning, a person or animal learns to expect a particular result or consequence after they behave in a certain way.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 63

Reinforcement tends to ______________ behaviors while punishment __________________ behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Increase, Decrease

Answer

Decrease, Increase

Question 64

a behavior followed by the removal of an unpleasant stimulus or a decrease in the intensity of a stimulus which results in the strengthening of the behavior (to avoid it or escape it) is called:

Accepted Answer

Negative Reinforcement

Answer

Positive Reinforcement

Behaviour Modification

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