Organic Molecules

Which organic molecule would a long-distance runner most likely choose to eat before a race?

• A protein, because it builds muscle mass.

• A carbohydrate, because it gives quick energy.

• A lipid, because it stores and releases energy.

• A protein, because it transports oxygen in the blood stream.

Answer explanation

A carbohydrate is the best choice for a long-distance runner before a race because it provides quick energy, essential for optimal performance. Proteins and lipids serve different functions and are not ideal for immediate energy needs.

Which subunits make up the structure of all proteins?

• glucose

• amino acids

• carbohydrates

• phospholipids

Answer explanation

Proteins are made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks that link together in specific sequences to form various proteins. Other options like glucose, carbohydrates, and phospholipids do not constitute protein structure.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major organic molecules?

• Lipids

• Nucleic Acids

• Amino Acids

• Carbohydrates

Answer explanation

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, not one of the four major organic molecules. The four major organic molecules are lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and proteins.

A ___ is a subunit of an organic molecule.

• Monomer

• Polymer

Answer explanation

A monomer is a small, basic unit that can join together to form larger molecules called polymers. Therefore, a monomer is the correct answer as it specifically refers to a subunit of an organic molecule.

___ stores short-term energy; ___ stores long-term energy.

• Carbohydrates; Lipids

• Lipids; Carbohydrates

• Carbohydrates; Nucleic Acids

• Nucleic Acids; Lipids

Answer explanation

Carbohydrates are used for short-term energy storage, providing quick energy for cellular processes. Lipids, on the other hand, serve as long-term energy storage, storing more energy per gram than carbohydrates.

Contain C, H, O; used for energy and some plant structures; starch, sugar, cellulose, glycogen.

• Lipids

• Nucleic acids

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

Answer explanation

Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and are essential for energy and plant structures. Examples include starch, sugar, cellulose, and glycogen, making 'Carbohydrates' the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

What are the biological molecules in the image?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

Answer explanation

The image likely depicts nucleic acids, which include DNA and RNA. These molecules are essential for storing and transmitting genetic information, distinguishing them from carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The building blocks for organic compounds are called...

• Polygons

• Polymers

• Monograms

• Monomers

Answer explanation

The building blocks for organic compounds are called monomers. Monomers are small molecules that can join together to form larger structures known as polymers, which are essential in organic chemistry.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

_____ help build organelles (cell parts) and help defend against illness.

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

Answer explanation

Proteins are essential for building organelles and play a crucial role in the immune response, helping defend against illness. They perform various functions in the cell, making them the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

_____ store genetic information.

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Nucleic Acids

• Proteins

Answer explanation

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are the molecules that store and transmit genetic information in living organisms, making them essential for heredity and cellular function.