AP World History Unit 5 Exam

“Americans today . . . who live within the Spanish system occupy a position in society no better than that of serfs destined for labor, or at best they have no more status than that of mere consumers. Yet even this status is surrounded with galling restrictions, such as being forbidden to grow European crops, or to store products which are royal monopolies, or to establish factories of a type the Peninsula itself does not possess. To this add the exclusive trading privileges, even in articles of prime necessity, and the barriers between American provinces, designed to prevent all exchange of trade, traffic, and understanding.”

Simón Bolívar, Jamaica Letter, 1815

The quotation above best supports which of the following conclusions about the author’s motives for resistance to Spanish colonial rule in Latin America?

• Bolívar opposed the use of Native Americans and Africans as forced laborers in Latin America.

• Bolívar rejected Spanish mercantilist policies that restricted free trade in Latin America.

• Bolívar was alarmed by the excessive consumerism in the Spanish empire.

• Bolívar hoped to undo the effects of the Columbian exchange.

Slavery and serfdom were abolished in the 1860s in

• Great Britain and Brazil

• the United States and Russia

• France and Algeria

• Austria-Hungary and India

• China and the Ottoman Empire

“Americans . . . who live within the Spanish system occupy a position in society as mere consumers. Yet even this status is surrounded with galling restrictions, such as being forbidden to grow European crops, or to store products that are royal monopolies, or to establish factories of a type the Peninsula itself does not possess. To this, add the exclusive trading privileges, even in articles of prime necessity . . . in short, do you wish to know what our future held?–simply the cultivation of the fields of indigo, grain, coffee, sugarcane, cacao, and cotton; cattle raising on the broad plains; hunting wild game in the jungles; digging in the earth to mine its gold.”

Simón Bolívar, “Jamaica Letter,” 1815

Which of the following groups was Bolívar most trying to influence with this letter?

• Mulatto shopkeepers

• Plantation slaves

• Amerindian miners

• Creole elites

“Americans . . . who live within the Spanish system occupy a position in society as mere consumers. Yet even this status is surrounded with galling restrictions, such as being forbidden to grow European crops, or to store products that are royal monopolies, or to establish factories of a type the Peninsula itself does not possess. To this, add the exclusive trading privileges, even in articles of prime necessity . . . in short, do you wish to know what our future held?–simply the cultivation of the fields of indigo, grain, coffee, sugarcane, cacao, and cotton; cattle raising on the broad plains; hunting wild game in the jungles; digging in the earth to mine its gold.”

Simón Bolívar, “Jamaica Letter,” 1815

Bolívar was describing the effects of which of the following economic policies?

• Feudalism

• Mercantilism

• Socialism

• Capitalism

The Australian catalog page of 1929 shown above shows women primarily as

• mothers

• executives

• patriots

• participants in competitive sports

• consumers in a world economy

Which of the following European developments is most closely associated with the revolution in Haiti?

• The Protestant Reformation

• The Russian Revolution

• The French Revolution

• The Industrial Revolution

“[Nineteenth-century] Indian liberal ideas, I argue, were foundational to all forms of Indian nationalism and the country’s modern politics. ... But a fine line was to be drawn between instructing women and permitting excessive license in gender relations, which was seen as a Western corruption.”

Christopher Bayly, British historian, Recovering Liberties: Indian Thought in the Age of Liberalism and Empire, 2012

The Indian liberal view of women discussed in the passage is best understood in the context of which of the following?

• Changes in gender roles as a result of Indian industrialization

• Emerging women’s suffrage and feminist movements

• The predominantly male migration of Indian indentured labor overseas

• The development of more effective means of birth control

“[Nineteenth-century] Indian liberal ideas, I argue, were foundational to all forms of Indian nationalism and the country’s modern politics. ... But a fine line was to be drawn between instructing women and permitting excessive license in gender relations, which was seen as a Western corruption.”

Christopher Bayly, British historian, Recovering Liberties: Indian Thought in the Age of Liberalism and Empire, 2012

Many Indian historians after independence would likely have objected to Bayly’s characterization of Indian liberalism on the basis of their belief that

• Indian nationalism was inspired predominantly by Indian cultural and political traditions

• environmental considerations were a primary motive behind Indian nationalist sentiment

• French literary theories in the late twentieth century were critical to understanding Indian nationalism

• the military rebellion in support of the last Mughal emperor was the defining moment for Indian nationalism

“[Nineteenth-century] Indian liberal ideas, I argue, were foundational to all forms of Indian nationalism and the country’s modern politics. ... But a fine line was to be drawn between instructing women and permitting excessive license in gender relations, which was seen as a Western corruption.”

Christopher Bayly, British historian, Recovering Liberties: Indian Thought in the Age of Liberalism and Empire, 2012

Based on Bayly’s argument, Indian liberal ideas were most clearly influenced by which of the following?

• Classical Indian religious and philosophical traditions

• Marxist political theories of class struggle

• Enlightenment concepts of natural rights

• Laissez-faire capitalism espoused by European thinkers

Which of the following best describes an important difference between Karl Marx’s theory of socialist revolution and that of V. I. Lenin?

• Only Marx stressed the importance of the “class struggle” in history.

• Only Marx stressed the primary role of the industrial proletariat.

• Only Marx thought that a socialist revolution must be achieved through parliamentary reform.

• Only Lenin argued that the workers’ revolution would have to be led by professional revolutionaries.

• Only Lenin argued that revolution would occur in the most industrialized countries.