Unit 5: Cognition (Memory, Thinking, IQ/Testing, Language)

What memory process are you using when you recalled information about what happened in 1st grade?

• primacy effect
• retrieval
• short term memory
• chunking

A memory from your fifth grade music program is a(n)...

• Echoic Memory

• Prospective Memory

• Episodic Memory

• Semantic Memory

To find Tabasco sauce in a large grocery store, you could systematically search every shelf in every store aisle. This best illustrates problem solving by means of: 

• the availability heuristic.
• functional fixedness.
• an algorithm.
• the representativeness heuristic.

A teacher asks students to think of as many uses for a brick as possible. By listing 50 uses, most of which the class finds new and unusual, Susan is displaying

• Computational learning
• Paired-associate learning
• Hypothetical thinking
• Divergent thinking

On a fishing trip, Ed realizes that he has mistakenly packed the sewing box instead of the tackle box. He wants to fish but returns home because he does not have any lines or hooks. Ed’s failure to realize that sewing thread can be used as fishing line and that a bent needle can be used as a hook is an example of

• Cognitive accommodation
• Backward masking
• Functional fixedness
• Proactive interference

If you watch a sequel to movie, and have trouble remembering if a character was in the first movie, you are experiencing...

• Repressive Memories
• Proactive Interference
• Retroactive Interference
• Memory Decay

We have all had the experience of the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.  We are asked to remember someone’s name.  We are certain that we know the name and feel as if we are just about to remember it, yet it remains elusive.  What type of forgetting might be at work here?

• encoding failure
• retroactive interference
• retrieval failure
• motivated forgetting

Airline reservations typically decline after a highly publicized airplane crash because people overestimate the incidence of such disasters. In such instances, people’s decisions are being influenced by:

• Belief bias
• The availability heuristic
• The representativeness heuristic
• Functional fixedness

What are the three stages of memory in order?

• Sensory memory, long-term memory, short-term memory

• Sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory

• Short-term memory, long-term memory, sensory memory

• Long-term memory, short-term memory, sensory memory

Sad feelings that trigger memories of another sad time are an example of

• mood-congruent memory.

• sensory memory.

• context-dependent memory.

• echoic memory.