Module 27, Ch. 11 Motivation

The process by which activities are started, directed, and continued so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met.

• motivation

• extrinsic motivation

• Intrinsic motivation

• instincts

Type of motivation in which a person performs an action because it leads to an outcome that is separate from or external to the person.

• motivation

• extrinsic motivation

• intrinsic motivation

• instincts

Type of motivation in which a person performs an action because the act itself is rewarding or satisfying in some internal manner.

• motivation

• extrinsic motivation

• intrinsic motivation

• instincts

The biologically determined and innate patterns of behavior that exist in both people and animals.

• motivation

• intrinsic motivation

• extrinsic motivation

• Instincts

A requirement of some material (such as food or water) that is essential for survival of the organism.

• primary drives

• drive

• need

• drive-reduction theory

A psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fulfill the need and reduce the tension.

• drive-reduction theory

• need

• primary drives

• drive

Approach to motivation that assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause internal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal.

• primary drives

• need

• drive

• drive-reduction theory

Those drives that involve needs of the body such as hunger and thirst.

• Primary drives

• need

• drive

• drive-reduction theory

Those drives that are learned through experience or conditioning, such as the need for money or social approval.

• Need for affiliation (nAff)

• acquired (secondary) drives

• Homeostasis

• Need for power (nPow)

• Need for achievement (nAch)

The tendency of the body to maintain a steady state.

• Need for power (nPow)

• Homeostasis

• Need for achievement (nAch)

• Need for affiliation (nAff)

• Acquired (secondary) drives