Earthquakes and Volcanoes Vocabulary

Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle

• tension

• compression

• shearing

• focus

Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks

• Tension

• Compression

• Shearing

• Focus

Stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite directions in a sideways movement

• tension

• compression

• shearing

• focus

Fault where the hanging wall slides downward; caused by tension in the crust

• Normal Fault

• Reverse Fault

• Strike-Slip Fault

• Seismic Waves

Fault where the hanging wall slides upward; caused by compression in the crust

• Normal Fault

• Reverse Fault

• Strike-Slip Fault

• Seismic Waves

Fault where rocks on either side move past each other sideways with little up or down motion

• Normal Fault

• Reverse Fault

• Strike-Slip Fault

• Epicenter

A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume

• Stress

• Focus

• Epicenter

• Magnitude

Vibrations traveling through the Earth, carrying energy released by an earthquake

• Stress

• Focus

• Seismic Waves

• Epicenter

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

The point beneath Earth’s surface where rocks break under stress and causes an earthquake

• Tsunami

• Aftershock

• Magnitude

• Focus

The point on Earth’s surface directly above an earthquake’s focus

• Focus

• Epicenter

• Aftershock

• Stress

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2