thermodynamics

Temperature is a measure of the...

• total energy in a substance
• total kinetic energy in a substance
• average potential energy in a substance
• average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The transfer of thermal energy between objects of different temperatures is called...

• temperature
• heat
• internal energy
• none of these

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4

When thermal energy is added to a substance, the substance's particles move:

• More rapidly at an increased diestance from each other.
• More rapidly with less distance between each other.
• More slowly with a greater distance between each other.
• More slowly with a reduced distance between each other.

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A substance with a high specific heat:

• Is always extremely hot.
• Requires a lot of energy to become hot.
• Is not heavy.
• Does not requires a lot of energy to become hot.

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The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is

• created
• destroyed
• conserved
• created and destroyed

7. All phase changes (changing states) requires energy to be added or taken away.

• True
• False

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

What happens to particles when they are heated?

• They speed up and spread out
• They slow down and compress
• They stop moving
• They move closer together and speed up

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NGSS.HS-PS1-5

2nd law of thermodynamics

• Every time energy changes form, some of it is lost to the environment

• Energy can't be created or destroyed

• All energy generates heat

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Specific Heat

• the amount of energy it takes to raise one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius

• The internal energy of an object

• The measure of the kinetic energy of an object's molecules

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Celsius Scale

• water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees

• water boils at 212 degrees and freezes at 32 degrees

• Water boils at 273 degrees and boils at 373 degrees

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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