Evolution/Natural Selection

What is natural selection?

• inherited characteristic that increases chances of survival

• organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate

• a growing population causes a scarcity of resources

• differences in the DNA sequence

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The process of choosing parent organisms for desired characteristics is called

• natural selection

• Artificial selection

• random selection

• genetic manipulation

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-5

Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• fossil structures

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Evolved from different ancestors, but due to living in similar environments have a similar function.

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

• All of the above

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 

• Amphibians
• Ray finned fish
• Crocodiles
• Birds

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What characteristic do all the organisms on this cladogram share?

• Being bi-pedal & having language

• Complex brains

• Fully binocular vision

• Partial binocular vision & opposable thumbs

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

An anatomical feature that no longer seems to have a purpose in the current form of an organism

• Homologous structure

• Analogous structure

• Vestigial structure

• None of the above

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which of the following is an example of the founder effect?

• Bald Eagles are hunted until near extinction, population recovers.

• Small group of iguanas floats to an island, starts a new population.

• Red fox pups are more likely to survive in a snowy environment if they are born white.

• Farmer chooses seeds from largest apples to plant next year. This results in larger apples from year to year.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The Table below shows the # of differences in amino acids in a protein called “Cytochrome C” when comparing humans to other organisms. The protein is used by many plants and animals to convert energy in cells.
List the 4 closest human relatives based on this biochemical comparison.

• chimpanzee, horse, rattlesnake, snapping turtle
• chimpanzee, gorilla, rhesus monkey, horse
• fruit fly, bread mold, tuna fish, snapping turtle
• gorilla, rhesus monkey, rattlesnake, gorilla

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NGSS.HS-LS4-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

What is an example of artificial selection?

• Letting dogs choose their own mate

• Letting plants pollinate on their own

• Crossing a labrador and a poodle to create a labradoodle

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-5