Midterm Review - Life Processes (2021)

• digestion

• excretion

• fermentation

• transport

Answer explanation

Transport = circulation and absorption, the diagram shows oxygen entering the organism as well as cytoplasm moving within the organism

• changed directly into proteins

• transported out of the leaves through the guard cells

• transported down toward the roots through tubes

• changed into simple sugars

Answer explanation

when starch gets digested it becomes simple sugars. The plant likely used the starch overnight

Nutrition includes activities by which organisms

• remove cellular waste products

• obtain and process materials needed for other cell activities

• exchange gases with their environment

• absorb and circulate materials

Answer explanation

Nutrition is taking in food and digesting it. Cells do this so that they can carry out life functions.

Which process is a type of autotrophic nutrition?

• transport

• regulation

• fermentation

• photosynthesis

Answer explanation

autotrophs make their own food by doing photosynthesis

The life function of transport in an organism directly involves those activities used to

• absorb and distribute materials

• obtain and hydrolyze materials

• release energy from food

• produce cellular waste products

Answer explanation

CAT - circulation absorption = transport

Which statement best describes cellular respiration?

• it occurs in plant cells but not in animal cells

• it converts energy in food into a more usable form

• it uses carbon dioxide and produces oxygen

• it stores energy in food molecles

Answer explanation

REMA - respiration energy mitochondria ATP

ATP is the usable form of energy, which is made from sugar (glucose)

ATP is a compound that is synthesized when

• chemical bonds between carbon atoms are formed during photosynthesis

• energy stored in chemical bonds is released during cellular respiration

• energy stored in nitrogen is released, forming amino acids

• digestive enzymes break amino acids into smaller parts

Answer explanation

REMA - respiration energy mitochondria ATP

energy is stored in chemical bonds of glucose gets used to form high energy molecule ATP, which is the usable form of energy,

Which statement regarding respiration is correct?

• respiration in autotrophic organisms occurs only during the day

• Fungi and monerans (bacteria) carry out aerobic respiration only

• all living organisms carry out some form of respiration

• All autotrophs and heterotrophs require glucose and oxygen for respiration

Answer explanation

All living organisms need ATP energy, and so all must do some form of respiration.

The ability to grow in size is a characteristic of living organisms. Although an icicle may grow in size over time, it is considered nonliving because there is

• an increase in matter, but no increase in the number of icicles

• an interaction between the icicle and the environment

• no way for the icicle to move away from heat

• no metabolic activity present

Answer explanation

All living things carry out life processes. All life processes together are considered METABOLISM

• diffusion --> synthesis --> active transport

• digestion --> diffusion --> cellular respiration

• digestion --> exrcetion --> cellular respiration

• synthesis --> active transport --> excretion

Answer explanation

digestion breaks down food, the food diffuses into the mitochondria and then cellular respiration makes ATP energy