3rd Nine Weeks Midterm Test

Refer to the passage.

"They [the Mongols] came down upon the city and killed all they could, men, women and children, the old, the middle-aged, and the young. Many of the people went into wells, latrines, and sewers and hid there for many days without emerging. Most of the people gathered in the caravanserais [inns] and locked themselves in. The Tatars [Mongols] opened the gates by either breaking or burning them. When they entered, the people in them fled upstairs and the Tatars killed them on the roofs until blood poured from the gutters into the street; ‘We belong to God and to God we return’ [Qur'an, ii, 156]. The same happened in the mosques and cathedral mosques and dervish convents. . . . And Baghdad, which had been the most civilized of all cities, became a ruin with only a few inhabitants, and they were in fear and hunger and wretchedness and insignificance.”

Which of the following sociopolitical changes resulted from the events described in the passage?

• The beginning of the Mongolian tribute empire

• The end of Islam as a powerful influence

• The collapse of the Abbasid caliphate

• The introduction of Buddhism into Persia

Refer to the passage.

"They [the Mongols] came down upon the city and killed all they could, men, women and children, the old, the middle-aged, and the young. Many of the people went into wells, latrines, and sewers and hid there for many days without emerging. Most of the people gathered in the caravanserais [inns] and locked themselves in. The Tatars [Mongols] opened the gates by either breaking or burning them. When they entered, the people in them fled upstairs and the Tatars killed them on the roofs until blood poured from the gutters into the street; ‘We belong to God and to God we return’ [Qur'an, ii, 156]. The same happened in the mosques and cathedral mosques and dervish convents. . . . And Baghdad, which had been the most civilised of all cities, became a ruin with only a few inhabitants, and they were in fear and hunger and wretchedness and insignificance.”

Which of the following was an important long-term effect of the Mongol invasions in Eurasia?

• The destruction of trading routes in Eurasia

• The creation of a hybrid Mongol-Persian culture

• The dissolution of the Chinese state

• The emergence of the Russian identity

Refer to the image.

The Catalan Atlas, created in the late 14th century, includes cultural depictions overlaid on a map of North Africa and Spain. The figure in the lower right is Mansa Mūsā, who ruled Mali from 1307 to about 1332.

In which of the following ways did geographical factors referenced in the image contribute to an increase in Mali’s wealth?

• Mali’s proximity to the Atlantic Ocean provided opportunities to sell enslaved people to Europeans.

• Mali’s location near the Mediterranean Sea granted trading opportunities with southern European city-states.

• Mali’s location along the trans-Saharan caravan route allowed for chances to profit from trade.

• Mali’s proximity to sub-Saharan Africa allowed for plenty of chances to invade its weaker southern neighbors.

Which of the following best explains the pattern of outbreaks of bubonic plague shown on the map?

Refer to the map

• Continued contacts between peoples resulted in mostly simultaneous outbreaks in Asia, Africa, and Europe.

• Years passed between outbreaks because of regional mutations in the plague bacteria

• Peoples located far inland had immunity to the plague bacteria, limiting plague outbreaks to coastal areas.

• Arabic medical advances kept Muslim regions safe from the plague, while Europe and Asia were hard-hit.

Which of the following best describes a common effect of the Inca road system and the Silk Road on their respective regions?

Refer to the map.

• Both made products from other continents available to the peoples along the route.

• Both unified the peoples along the route under a central government.

• Both enabled a single empire to conquer the peoples along the route.

• Both brought about intercultural exchange among the peoples along the route.

Refer to the passage.

"The huge Indian Ocean constitutes a maritime space less cohesive than the Mediterranean; yet, the monsoons provide a degree of geographic unity. In winter months, approximately November through March, high pressure zones over the Asian landmass and low pressures over the ocean produce prevailing winds blowing in a southwesterly direction from India and from China. In the summer months, approximately April to September, the pressure zones and wind directions reverse. The optimal sailing periods during the monsoons were relatively short and storms were often a problem, so mariners learned to catch the winds at certain times, depending on their points of embarkation and destination. Some historians argue that the monsoons determined certain historical patterns, and there is a general consensus that the monsoons made cross-cultural experiences highly likely, such as those between Arabia and East Africa and between China and island Southeast Asia. The monsoons also heightened opportunities for sailing long distances more quickly than would otherwise have been possible and thereby made the huge region seem a bit smaller.”

The passage provides evidence to illustrate which of the following?

• The political effects of trade on countries in the region

• Cultural inspiration for trans-regional interactions

• Human adaptation to weather patterns

• Religious motivation for human migration

Refer to the passage.

"The next day (25th May) (the Chan) sent his secretaries to me, who said: ‘Our lord sends us to you to say that you are here Christians, Saracens [Muslims] and Tuins. And each of you says that his doctrine is the best, and his writings—that is, books—the truest. So he wishes that you shall all meet together, and make a comparison, each one writing down his precepts, so that he himself may be able to know the truth.’ Then I said: ‘Blessed be God, who put this in the Chan’s heart. But our Scriptures tell us, the servant of God should not dispute, but should show mildness to all; so I am ready, without disputation or contention, to give reason for the faith and hope of the Christians, to the best of my ability.’ They wrote down my words, and carried them back to him. Then it was told the Nestorians that they should look to themselves, and write down what they wished to say, and likewise to the Saracens [Muslims], and in the same way to the Tuins.”

Which of the following religious policies remained consistent throughout the Mongol Empire?

• The rejection of Christianity as an official religion, which was similar to its rejection in other empires throughout Asia

• The policy of religious tolerance, which was similar to the policy under the rule of the Arab sultanates

• The spread of the Islamic religion, which began with the Abbasid caliphate

• The policy of restricting European missionaries, which began in Persia

Refer to the passage.

"They [the Mongols] came down upon the city and killed all they could, men, women and children, the old, the middle-aged, and the young. Many of the people went into wells, latrines, and sewers and hid there for many days without emerging. Most of the people gathered in the caravanserais [inns] and locked themselves in. The Tatars [Mongols] opened the gates by either breaking or burning them. When they entered, the people in them fled upstairs and the Tatars killed them on the roofs until blood poured from the gutters into the street; ‘We belong to God and to God we return’ [Qur'an, ii, 156]. The same happened in the mosques and cathedral mosques and dervish convents. . . . And Baghdad, which had been the most civilised of all cities, became a ruin with only a few inhabitants, and they were in fear and hunger and wretchedness and insignificance

Which of the following was an important long-term effect of the Mongol invasions in Eurasia?

• The dissolution of the Chinese state

• The destruction of trading routes in Eurasia

• The emergence of the Russian identity

• The creation of a hybrid Mongol-Persian culture

Refer to the passage.

"They [the Mongols] came down upon the city and killed all they could, men, women and children, the old, the middle-aged, and the young. Many of the people went into wells, latrines, and sewers and hid there for many days without emerging. Most of the people gathered in the caravanserais [inns] and locked themselves in. The Tatars [Mongols] opened the gates by either breaking or burning them. When they entered, the people in them fled upstairs and the Tatars killed them on the roofs until blood poured from the gutters into the street; ‘We belong to God and to God we return’ [Qur'an, ii, 156]. The same happened in the mosques and cathedral mosques and dervish convents. . . . And Baghdad, which had been the most civilised of all cities, became a ruin with only a few inhabitants, and they were in fear and hunger and wretchedness and insignificance.”

Which of the following sociopolitical changes resulted from the events described in the passage

• The end of Islam as a powerful influence

• The introduction of Buddhism into Persia

• The beginning of the Mongolian tribute empire

• The collapse of the Abbasid caliphate

Refer to the passage.

Furthermore all merchants arriving from India or other countries, and bringing with them gold or silver or gems and pearls, are prohibited from selling to any one but the Emperor. He has twelve experts chosen for this business, men of shrewdness and experience in such affairs; these appraise the articles, and the Emperor then pays a liberal price for them in those pieces of paper. The merchants accept his price readily, for in the first place they would not get so good a one from anybody else, and secondly they are paid without any delay. And with this paper-money they can buy what they like anywhere over the Empire, whilst it is also vastly lighter to carry about on their journeys. And it is a truth that the merchants will several times in the year bring wares to the amount of 400,000 bezants, and the Grand Sire pays for all in that paper.

The passage reveals which of the following trends from the period 1200 to 1450?

• became accessible to the middle and lower classes. Luxury goods and products

• Economies were declining throughout Eurasia as a result of Mongol invasions.

• The state was sponsoring innovative commercial practices and infrastructure to encourage trade

• Widespread hostility toward trade with outsiders was being supported by the state.