AP Bio Review of Unit 6

How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though they look and perform completely different?

• The two different cells become mutated

• The proteins expressed in each cell are different

• They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.

• The genome of the different cells changes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

The lac operon genes only become expressed if:

• lactose binds to the repressor
• glucose binds to the repressor
• lactose binds to the operator
• the repressor binds to the operator

The "on/off" switch for an operon is called the

• promoter
• repressor
• operator
• gene

What does a promoter do?

• it allows a gene to be transcribed

• it creates a DNA segment

• it is another word for ribosomes

• it is another word for RNA

Translation is a process where:

• a polypeptide sequence is produced from a sequence of rRNA codons.

• a polypeptide sequence is produced from a sequence of tRNA codons.

• a polypeptide sequence is produced from a sequence of mRNA codons.

• a DNA nucleotide sequence is used to produce mRNA codon sequence.

Which factor can affect the epigenome?

• nutrition
• exercise
• stress 
• all of these factors can affect the epigenome

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A mutation within the promoter region has occurred. What would potentially happen to transcription rate?

• Mutated promoters decrease the rate of transcription.

• Mutated promoters increase the rate of transcription.

• Mutated promoters can increase or decrease the rate of transcription.

• Mutated promoters cease transcription of the adjacent gene.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Attachment of ______ groups to ______ will cause promotion of gene expression due to looser DNA.

• acetyl, DNA

• methyl, DNA

• acetyl, histones

• methyl, histones

All of the following occur before mature RNA is formed except:

• Addition of a poly-A tail

• Addition of a 3' cap

• Addition of a release factor

• Removal of introns

• Alternative splicing

The protein that functions in unwinding DNA strands before replication occurs is called:

• Topoisomerase

• Single-strand binding proteins

• Helicase

• Ligase

• Spliceosome