Unit 5 - Cellular Communication and Cell Cycle

An aggregation of bacterial cells attached to a surface by molecules secreted by cells - Only after a certain density is achieved

• Quorum sensing

• Biofilm

• Mating Yeast Cells

• Cell Junctions

A process that allows bacteria to sense population density through concentration of signaling molecules

• Quorum Sensing

• Biofilm

• Gap Junctions

• Endocrine Signaling

Hormonal signaling that travels throughout the body through the circulatory system

• Endocrine Signaling

• Paracrine Signaling

• Synaptic Signaling

• Plasmodesmata

These cell junctions occur in animal cells and allow local signals to pass from cell to cell

• Gap junctions

• Plasmodesmata

• Cell-surface molecules

• Endocrine signaling

This type of signaling occurs when a nerve cell releases neurotransmitter molecules into a synapse

• Paracrine signaling

• Synaptic signaling

• Endocrine signaling

• Extraterrestrial signaling

This term is another word for a signal molecule

• ligand

• chromain

• biofilm

• relay molecule

The process that converts the signal to a form that can bring about a specific cellular response

• signal

• transduction

• reception

• response

This molecule adds a phosphate group to a protein to activate it

• protein kinase

• phosphatase

• scaffolding protein

• centromere

This molecule removes a phosphate group from a protein to deactivate it

• protein kinase

• phosphatase

• scaffolding proteins

• ligand

One larger protein attached to many smaller relay proteins - increasing the speed of the reaction

• Scaffolding proteins

• signal molecule

• protein kinase

• phosphatase