ES 12 The Ocean Environment

Which ocean is the largest and the deepest (of all major oceans)?

• Atlantic Ocean
• Arctic Ocean
• Pacific Ocean
• Indian Ocean

The Ocean covers what percentage of the Earth's surface?

• 60%
• 72%
• 81%
• 53%

Which ocean is the smallest and shallowest (of all major oceans)?

• Pacific Ocean
• Indian Ocean
• Arctic Ocean
• Atlantic Ocean

The ocean floor —

• is always a flat bed of sand

• has mountains, plains, and ridges like land surfaces

• is covered by the same amount of water everywhere

• covers less area than the land

Which best describes the part of the ocean called the continental shelf?

• A flat underwater valley

• A region of mountains in the deep ocean

• A shallow area of sediment near the shore

• A region with a higher water pressure

Which of these are the deepest parts of the ocean?

• Continental shelves

• Continental slopes

• Ocean trenches

• Abyssal plains

The diagram shows a model of the ocean floor. Which number identifies the continental slope?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

The main difference between ocean water and lake water is that ocean water contains —

• oxygen

• salt

• algae

• plants

Which of these increases as a submarine dives deeper into the ocean?

• The number of plants in the water

• The freshness of the water

• The water temperature

• The water pressure

Many species of ocean organisms live in coral reefs. The map shows that most coral reefs are found near the equator. What does the location of coral reefs suggest about coral organisms?

• Corals need warm seawater to survive.

• Corals mostly live around volcanic islands.

• Ocean currents keep corals from migrating.

• Most ocean waters are too deep for corals.

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