7.3 Translation Review

Which type of ribosome creates the most proteins that are transported out of the cell? 

• bound
• free-floating

Which type of ribosome creates the most proteins that are used by the cell?

• bound
• free-floating

A ribosome can be best described as...

• a protein factory
• a trash collector
• the powerhouse of the cell
• the brain of the cell

What is the function of the smaller unit of the ribosome? 

• read the transfer RNA (tRNA)
• support the larger unit of the ribosome
• read the messenger RNA (mRNA)
• take in nutrients for the ribosome

Which of the following events in translation is the first to occur in eukaryotes?

• elongation of the polypeptide
• base pairing of activated methionine-tRNA to AUG of the messenger RNA
• binding of the larger ribosomal subunit to smaller ribosomal subunits
• the small subunit of the ribosome recognizing and attaching to the 5'cap

What is the function of the release factor in translation?

• it separates tRNA in the A site from the growing polypeptide
• it binds to the stop codon in the A site in place of a tRNA
• it releases the amino acid from its tRNA to allow the amino acid to form a polypeptide
• it releases the ribosome from the ER to allow polypeptides into the cytosol

A tRNA (#1) attached to the amino acid lysine enters the ribosome.  The lysine binds to the growing polypeptide on the other tRNA (#2) already in the ribosome. Where does tRNA (#2 move to next?

• A site
• P site
• E site
• exit tunnel

What is the role of the acceptor stem?

• carries an amino acid

• associates with the mRNA codon

• associates with the ribosome (via the E, P and A binding sites)

• associates with the tRNA activating enzyme

What is the role of the T arm?

• carries an amino acid

• associates with the mRNA codon

• associates with the ribosome (via the E, P and A binding sites)

• associates with the tRNA activating enzyme

The first step in translation is called

• termination

• elongation

• initiation

• first step