Conservation of Momentum

A 1.0-kilogram laboratory cart moving with a velocity of 0.50 meter per second due east collides with and sticks to a similar cart initially at rest. After the collision, the two carts move off together with a velocity of 0.25 meter per second due east. The total momentum of this frictionless system is

• zero before the collision

• zero after the collision

• the same before and after the collision

• greater before the collision than after the collision

When a 1.0-kilogram cart moving with a speed of 0.50 meter per second on a horizontal surface collides with a second 1.0-kilogram cart initially at rest, the carts lock together. What is the speed of the combined carts after the collision? [Neglect friction.]

• 1.0 m/s

• 0.50 m/s

• 0.25 m/s

• 0 m/s

The diagram below shows a 4.0-kilogram cart moving to the right and a 6.0-kilogram cart moving to the left on a horizontal frictionless surface. When the two carts collide they lock together. The magnitude of the total momentum of the two-cart system after the collision is

• 0.0 kg•m/s

• 6.0 kg•m/s

• 15 kg•m/s

• 30. kg•m/s

A woman with horizontal velocity v₁ jumps off a dock into a stationary boat. After landing in the boat, the woman and the boat move with velocity v₂. Compared to velocity v₁, velocity v₂ has

• the same magnitude and the same direction

• the same magnitude and opposite direction

• smaller magnitude and the same direction

• larger magnitude and the same direction

A 0.500-kilogram cart traveling to the right on a horizontal, frictionless surface at 2.20 meters per second collides head on with a 0.800-kilogram cart moving to the left at 1.10 meters per second. What is the magnitude of the total momentum of the two-cart system after the collision?

• 0.22 kg•m/s

• 0.39 kg•m/s

• 1.98 kg•m/s

• 4.29 kg•m/s

A 3.0-kilogram steel block is at rest on a frictionless horizontal surface. A 1.0-kilogram lump of clay is propelled horizontally at 6.0 meters per second toward the block as shown in the diagram below. Upon collision, the clay and steel block stick together and move to the right with a speed of

• 1.5 m/s

• 2.0 m/s

• 3.0 m/s

• 6.0 m/s