Language and linguistics

Which statement is NOT true? Language is a human system of communication which:

• can be expressed by gestures

• can be spoken

• can be written

• has fixed reference

A language whose phonology, grammar, and vocabulary, instead of having developed naturally, are consciously devised is a:

• natural language

• constructed language

• impossible language

• a sign language

The system of linguistic knowledge possessed by native speakers of a language is called:

• language pedagogy

• performance

• phonology

• competence

The way a language system is used in communication is called:

• performance

• phonology

• competence

• language pedagogy

When a BEGINNER learner of English says “I swimmed in the lake this weekend”, it is most probably an error due to:

• competence

• performance

The set of rules that govern the structure of phrases and sentences is called:

• phonetics

• morphology

• syntax

• sociolinguistics

The study of words and how they are formed is called:

• morphology

• semantics

• neurolinguistics

• language pedagogy

The study of how context contributes to meaning is called:

• phonology

• pragmatics

• historical linguistics

• semantics

Write the missing word: Jakobson’s model of communications involves these elements: sender – context / (a)   /channel /code – receiver

When you say, “Could you repeat please?” you express this function of language:

• informative

• directive

• emotive

• phatic

• metalinguistic