Scientific Method and Lab Skills - NYS Regents Review

To study how bacteria respond to antibiotics, four paper discs, three treated with different antibiotics and one treated with water, were placed on a nutrient source with bacteria and left for 24 hours. The water and the antibiotics on the discs diffused into the nutrient source. If the antibiotic stopped the bacteria from growing, a circular area of no bacterial growth around the discs could be seen.

After 24 hours, the results represented by the diagram demonstrate

• which of these antibiotics most effectively stopped bacterial growth

• the nutrient source that resulted in the most bacterial growth

• whether the bacteria were resistant to most antibiotics or not

• that these bacteria were harmful to antibiotics

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

To study how bacteria respond to antibiotics, four paper discs, three treated with different antibiotics and one treated with water, were placed on a nutrient source with bacteria and left for 24 hours. The water and the antibiotics on the discs diffused into the nutrient source. If the antibiotic stopped the bacteria from growing, a circular area of no bacterial growth around the discs could be seen.

In this experiment, the purpose of using a disc treated with water is that it

• serves as the conclusion for the experiment

• is needed to provide additional moisture

• serves as a control for the experiment

• is needed as a standard safety procedure

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A procedure used in paper chromatography is represented above.

The student is preparing two strips of paper for a chromatography activity. After adding a dot of the ink from the marker pen to the line on the paper on the right, the next step should be to place the strips in a beaker of solvent with the solvent level

• between the bottom of the paper and the dot of ink

• even with the dot of ink on the paper

• just below the bottom edge of the paper

• slightly above the dot of ink on the paper

During a laboratory activity, students ran in place for three minutes. Students then complained of muscle fatigue in their legs. State one biological reason why the students experienced muscle fatigue after exercising.

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Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

A student is viewing a plant stem cross-section using a compound light microscope.

What parts of the microscope should the student use to bring the image into focus?

• A and F

• B and E

• C and D

• D and F

A class carried out an experiment to test the effect of rest time after exercise on the breathing rate. Each member of the class ran up and down stairs for 60 seconds. After exercising, they rested. The students then measured their rate of respiration by counting the number of inhales and exhales per minute for 7 minutes. The class then averaged their data.

Provide a biological explanation for why the breathing rate decreases several minutes after physical activity has stopped.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Scientists examined a trail of fossil footprints left by early humans in soft, volcanic ash in Eastern Africa. A drawing of the trail of footprints is shown below. Each footprint is represented as a series of lines indicating the depth that different parts of the foot sank into the volcanic ash.

Which statement is an accurate observation that can be made based on this trail of footprints?

• The individuals were running from a predator.

• The volcano was about to erupt again.

• One individual was much taller than the other.

• One individual had larger feet than the other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Scientists examined a trail of fossil footprints left by early humans in soft, volcanic ash in Eastern Africa. A drawing of the trail of footprints is shown below. Each footprint is represented as a series of lines indicating the depth that different parts of the foot sank into the volcanic ash.

The type of information directly provided by these fossil footprints is useful because it

• offers details about how these individuals changed during their lifetime

• offers data regarding their exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation

• is a record of information about what these individuals ate during their lifetime

• is a record of some similarities and differences they share with present-day species

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which group of materials would be most useful to a student planning to separate a mixture of leaf pigments using paper chromatography?

• filter paper, dropper, solvent, beaker

• enzymes, beaker, goggles, compound microscope

• compound microscope, filter paper, coverslip, glass slide

• meter stick, thermometer, solvent, enzymes

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

In the lab activity Making Connections, an experiment was designed to test the effect of exercise on the ability to squeeze a clothespin. The number of times the clothespin was squeezed served as the

• independent variable

• dependent variable

• hypothesis

• control