Quiz about Evolution Study Guide

Question 1

Which Geologic time period was the longest?

Accepted Answer

Precambrian

Answer

Cenozoic

Answer

Mesozoic

Answer

Paleozoic

Question 2

This diagram represents a cross section of rock layers on the Earth's surface. Which statement is best supported by the evidence in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A long period of erosion occurred before layer B was deposited.

Answer

The rocks in layer A were deposited before the rocks in layer B.

Answer

The first layer of rocks to be deposited was layer C

Answer

A long period of erosion occurred before rock later A was deposited.

Question 3

The timeline represents the entire geologic history of the Earth. If point O represents the origin of the earth and point P represents present day, which point would best represent the first appearance of humans on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Point 4

Answer

Point 1

Answer

Point 2

Answer

Point 3

Question 4

Review the diagram showing a fault located among layers of sedimentary rock. What is the relative age of the fault?

Accepted Answer

The fault is older than layer B

Answer

The fault is older than layer C..

Answer

The fault is older than layer E.

Answer

The fault is older than layer F.

Question 5

Which era does the following globe best represent?

Accepted Answer

mesozoic

Answer

cenozoic

Answer

paleozoic

Question 6

Which era does the following globe represent?

Accepted Answer

paleozoic

Answer

cenozoic

Answer

mesozoic

Question 7

Which era does the following globe represent?

Accepted Answer

cenozoic

Answer

mesozoic

Answer

paleozoic

Question 8

Trilobite fossils from different time periods show small changes in appearance. What might account for the changes?

Accepted Answer

response to environmental changes

Answer

catastrophic geologic events

Answer

weathering and erosion

Answer

increase in greenhouse gases

Question 9

Scientists know that trilobites lived in an era earlier than the one in which dinosaurs lived. What information helped the scientists infer this?

Accepted Answer

Fossils of trilobites were found below the layers of rock containing fossils of dinosaurs.

Answer

There were rock layers that had fossils of both trilobites and dinosaurs.

Answer

Fossils of dinosaurs were found below the layers of rock containing fossils of trilobites.

Answer

There were more fossils of dinosaurs in the rock layers than fossils of trilobites.

Question 10

Question 10.

Accepted Answer

model 4

Answer

model 1

Answer

model 2

Answer

model 3

Question 11

Which explanation best describes why marine fossils have been discovered in rock layers in a desert environment?

Accepted Answer

The area was once completely covered by water.

Answer

A catastrophic event occurred in the area in the past.

Answer

Continental drift moved the rock layers from the coast to the desert.

Answer

Volcanic activity had once occurred in the area.

Question 12

A geologist studies two layers of sandstone that exist along opposite coasts of North America. Which characteristic of the layers provides the best evidence that they were deposited about the same time>

Accepted Answer

the fossils found in the rock layer

Answer

particle sizes of the sand in the rock layer

Answer

the rock layers' chemical composition

Answer

the depth of the rock layers from the surface layer

Question 13

Scientists found the petrified fossil of a small mink-like animal with a long body and short legs that they claimed lived 40 million years ago. They presumed the animal was a prehistoric ancestor of the modern dog. What should they study to justify their assumptions?

Accepted Answer

homologous structures between the animal and dogs

Answer

analogous structures between the animal and dogs

Answer

location of the fossil and habitat of the dogs

Answer

feeding habits of the animal as compared to the dogs

Question 14

A researcher hypothesizes that humans, mice, and bats evolved from a common ancestor. Which evidence supports the researcher's hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

These three species have homologous structures.

Answer

These three species are omnivores.

Answer

These three species are multicellular.

Answer

These three species have analogous structures.

Question 15

The diagram shows early embryological stages of a reptile, a bird, and a human. What do the similarities among the embryos suggest?

Accepted Answer

The organisms evolved from a common ancestor.

Answer

The organisms have the same genetic structure.

Answer

The organisms appeared on Earth at the same time.

Answer

The organisms are adapted to live in similar environments.

Question 16

By studying fossil records, scientists have concluded that the horses that lived 50 million years ago were much smaller, weaker, and slower than modern horses. Which natural process is responsible for the evolutionary changes that have lead to increased size, strength, and speed in horses?

Accepted Answer

natural selection

Answer

inbreeding

Answer

migration

Answer

mutualism

Question 17

The diagram represents fossils found in sedimentary rock in one location. In which of the following most likely environment did the mammoth most likely live?

Accepted Answer

The environment was cold (ice or snow).

Answer

The climate decreased in temperature.

Answer

The environment most likely changed from arid or desert to cold (ice or snow).

Answer

It became extinct.

Question 18

The diagram represents fossils found in sedimentary rock in one location. Which statement most likely explains how the climate changed between 220 million and 12 thousand years ago.

Accepted Answer

The climate decreased in temperature.

Answer

The climate increased in temperature.

Answer

The environment became covered by water.

Answer

The environment became more tropical.

Question 19

The diagram represents fossils found in sedimentary rock in one location. Which was most likely the effect of the climate change on the environment.

Accepted Answer

The environment most likely changed from arid or desert to cold (ice or snow).

Answer

The environment most likely changed from cold to desert.

Answer

The environment most likely changed from tropical to tundra.

Answer

The environment most likely changed from arid or desert to tropical.

Question 20

The diagram represents fossils found in sedimentary rock in one location. Which statement most likely explains what happened to the archaeopteryx as a result of the change in climate.

Accepted Answer

It became extinct.

Answer

It adapted and is still a surviving species.

Answer

It is now an endangered species.

Evolution Study Guide

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