Rowe, Bennett & Atkinson's White Racial Consciousness Model

A critique of Helm's White Identity Development Model would be that...

• it includes the experiences of too many other racial groups in comparison to white racial identity development

• it is a cyclical process

• suggests white people and people of color have parallel experiences with racial identity development

• it is empirically confirmed by many scholars

The primary cause for change in racial attitudes involves...

• awareness of differences

• significant dissonance

• feeling empathy for different people

The two types of attitudes that white individuals may possess are referred to as...

• achieved/unachieved white racial consciousness

• mastered/developing white racial consciousness

• appreciated/unappreciated white racial consciousness

If a student dismisses or ignores other's racial experiences, they would be demonstrating an ____________ attitude and an __________________ white racial consciousness.

• dissonant; unachieved

• dependent; unachieved

• avoidant; unachieved

• avoidant; achieved

If a student speaks up in class and says that "racism is bad, but equal opportunity exists in society for those who work hard enough", they would be demonstrating what type of attitude?

• conflictive

• dominative

• reactive

• integrative

Check all that apply: what are some actions that student-affairs practitioners can take to encourage identity development for students?

• Hiring diverse faculty and staff members

• Engage in critical discussions surrounding race

• Work collaboratively with faculty to encourage socially just curriculum

• Ignore microagressions because they are not worth addressing