Evolution Review

Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution helped to explain

• how our solar system has changed over time.

• the age of the earth.

• how fossils are formed

• how living things change over time.

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The process of gradual change in the inherited traits of a population of organisms through successive generations is called

• evolution

• adaptation

• speciation

• selective breeding

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Over many generations, populations of anteaters have developed longer tongues. Why might such a change occur?

• Long tongues help anteaters escape from predators

• Anteaters with longer tongues can reach food sources other animals cannot touch

• Humans find long tongues more attractive in anteaters

• Anteaters with longer tongues require more food than those with longer tongues

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Why did the population of peppered moths in England change from light to dark after the Industrial Revolution?

• Light moths were easy to see against sooty trees & were eaten

• Light moths were killed by soot

• The birds that ate the dark moths were killed by the soot

  the soot

• Dark moths were produced by industrial processes

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How does natural selection lead to evolution?

• The stronger offspring kills the weaker members

• Stronger traits are passed on to the next generation of the species

• Overproduction provides food for stronger members of a species

• Environmental changes kill weaker members of the species

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Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce?

• Natural selection

• Overproduction

• Competition

• Variation

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In the late 1700s most moths in England were light-colored. During the Industrial Revolution pollution from factories darkened tree trunks. By 1886 dark-colored moths were common and light-colored moths were rare. What caused this change in the moth population?

• Dark-colored moths were attracted to the dark tree trunks.

• Factory pollution killed the light-colored moths.

• Dark-colored moths fed on the pollution.

• Birds ate more light-colored moths because they were easy to spot.

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The theory of evolution is based upon what general principle?

• Individuals must adapt to environmental changes

• Mutations generally produce stronger organisms.

• The most fit organisms survive to reproduce.

• All organisms will eventually adapt to changes.

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Which of the following factors is necessary in order for natural selection to occur in a species?

• genetic variation within a population

• an abundance of food resources

• a hospitable environment

• a strong family structure

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The theory of evolution is based upon what general principle?

• Organisms must adapt to change over time and reproduce.

• Mutations generally produce stronger organisms.

• Variations which are not helpful are passed to the next generation.

• All organisms will eventually adapt to changes.

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