Gateway, Chapter 1-11 EOC Review Quiz 1 FY21

Read the following excerpt and answer the question below.

". . . to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, —That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government."

-Declaration of Independence

Which Enlightenment principle most influenced the ideas in this excerpt?

• John Locke's idea of the social contract John Locke's idea of the social contract

• Thomas Hobbes’s idea of natural equality

• Montesquieu’s idea of separation of powers

• Voltaire’s idea of the importance of toleration

Which statement describes an Enlightenment idea that appears in America's founding documents?

• Governments are not responsible for protecting people.

• People are born equal and with certain rights.

• People are not free to criticize their leaders.

• Governments are above the rule of law.

Which idea is contained in the English Bill of Rights?

• the right to trial by jury

• the right to freedom of religion

• an independent executive branch of government

• an independent legislative branch of government

Why did the Framers agree to add a bill of rights to the Constitution after it was ratified?

• Federalists would not support the U.S. Constitution without the guarantee of a list of rights.

• Federalists convinced the Anti-Federalists that it would be easier to ratify with a bill of rights.

• Anti-Federalists convinced the Federalists that it would be harder to ratify with a bill of rights.

• Anti-Federalists would not support the U.S. Constitution without the guarantee of a list of rights.

The passage below relates to the Declaration of Independence.

• It claims people are entitled to certain rights.

• It opposes a division between church and sta

• It cancels the principles of English common law.

• It resumes the concept of divine right monarchy.

How is Montesquieu's view of separation of powers demonstrated in the U.S. Constitution?

• Citizens of each state are guaranteed all protections in the Bill of Rights.

• The legislative, executive, and judicial branches divide federal powers.

• The United States cannot grant titles of nobility to anyone.

• Citizens must be at least 30 years old to be U.S. senators.

The chart below relates to the origins of the United States government.

What conclusion can be drawn from information in the chart above?

• History did not influence the architects of American democracy.

• The U.S. Constitution is unwritten based on the English practice

• American citizens practice direct democracy like the ancient Athenians.

• The ideas of American democracy began before the United States was formed.

The passage below is from a historical document.

Based on the passage, what conclusion can be drawn about the colonial American view of the English government?

• Few colonists wanted to break economic ties with the English government.

• Many colonists wanted to dissolve ties with the English government.

• Few colonists wanted to dissolve ties with the English government.

• Many colonists wanted to reform the English government.

The statement below is from a jury's decision in a court case.

Based on the statement above, what type of case has the jury decided?

• civil

• criminal

• military

• statutory

In the American political culture, what idea is expressed by the phrase "a government of laws, not of men"?

• The rule of law should be eliminated.

• All laws should apply equally to all persons.

• Government should not interfere in people's lives.

• Elected officials must not initiate changes in the law.