Weather and Climate Exam

Which is NOT a factor that affects climate?

• Altitude

• Latitude

• Lakes & Oceans

• Animal Migration

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Eliana measures outdoor temperatures in an area each day for a week at exactly 2:00 p.m. The temperatures she records are all between 25 °C and 30 °C. Eliana concludes that the climate of the area is tropical. What is the most important reason why her conclusion might not be correct?

• She took the temperature readings at the same time each day.

• She made her conclusion based only on temperature and not also on precipitation.

• She did not calculate the average of her data

• She made her conclusion based on only one week of data instead of over a long period of time.

In Florida, the temperature at the beach in the summer can be 5 degrees cooler than inland. Also in the winter the beach can be 5 degrees warmer than inland. What causes this?

• The water heats up and cools down slower than the land

• The land distributes the thermal energy equally

• The ocean reflects energy into the atmosphere

• The ocean and land create convection currents

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The arrows in the picture below show several ways heat is transferred from the Sun as it strikes sand on the surface of a beach.

Which arrow shows convection?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

The climate of an area can be different from its weather. Which of the following statements describes the climate of an area?

• There should be heavy rains tomorrow morning.

• The rains next week are expected to cause some flooding.

• The average temperature from 1930–1996 was 23°C (74°F)

• The high temperature on September 4, 2009, was 32°C (89°F

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The area in which you live has a particular climate. It also has weather. What is the difference between climate and weather?

• Climate is determined by temperature and precipitation, whereas weather is determined only by humidity, air pressure, and wind conditions.

• Weather is determined by temperature and precipitation, whereas climate is determined only by humidity, air pressure, and wind conditions.

• Climate is the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place, whereas weather is the characteristic climate in an area over a long period of time.

• Weather is the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place, whereas climate is the characteristic weather in an area over a long period of time.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Which of the following is a description of a climate?

• It is raining and cold outside.

• It rains about 20 inches a year in this area.

• It snowed 18 inches last night.

• The wind just blew my trash can into the road.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The climate of an area can be different from its weather. Which of the following statements describes the weather of an area?

• For the last decade, in the summer there are afternoon showers

• Blizzards have never occurred in Florida.

• If you want to see the leaves change color in the fall, you need to go to the mountains.

• It looks like it will be nice cool temperatures for the Jaguars game.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

A change in the temperature and density of air can result in a breeze. Which of the following best shows a series of energy transfers that begins with the Sun and results in a breeze?

• Warm air is heating up the water or land surface.

• Cool dense air is moving to take the place of rising warm air.

• Warm air is pushing cool air up from the water or land surface.

• Cool air is mixing with warm air to decrease the air temperature

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Carlita is trying to describe the climate of Florida to her friend that lives in Michigan. Which statement BEST describes the climate of Florida?

• The average yearly temperature is 22°C (72°F) in Jacksonville.

• Afternoon rain showers are common during the summer months

• A tropical storm caused heavy rain, winds and flooding last month

• At the beach, there are usually strong breezes coming off the water

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6