U 4.1 vocab and mastery

a process in which loose sediment is compacted under pressure and changed into solid rock

• lithification

• cementation

• compaction

• sedimentary rock

a solid, homogeneous substance in which the particles are arranged in an orderly, geometric, repeating pattern

• mineral

• sediment

• crystal

• compaction

Molten rock beneath the earth's surface

• subduction

• aggregate

• magma

• mineral

when one tectonic plate slides beneath another

• igneous rock

• cementation

• subduction

• compaction

a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition

• rock

• crystal

• aggregate

• mineral

rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies

• sedimentary rock

• metamorphic rock

• igneous rock

• subduction

A naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter

• cementation

• mineral

• rock cycle

• rock

the original rock from which a given metamorphic rock was formed

• cementation

• aggregate

• rock cycle

• protolith

rock formed from existing rock due to heat, pressure, or added chemicals

• extrusive igneous rock

• metamorphic rock

• intrusive igneous rock

• sedimentary rock

Which statement represents a fact about the rock cycle?

• All the processes involved in the rock cycle occur beneath the surface of Earth.

• Fossils, skeletal remains, and living organisms do not play a role in the rock cycle.

• The rock cycle is driven by energy from the Sun as well as from the interior of Earth.

• Every transformation between states happens as a result of heat from magma.

• Nearly all rocks transition from one form to another on a human timescale.