Performance Assessment

The epicenter of an earthquake is

• The point below the surface where rock begins to break and the first motion occurs.

• The seismic station closest to the earthquake.

• The place where the greatest damage occurs.

• The point on the surface directly above the focus.

An instrument that detects and measures earthquakes is a 

• seismogram
• focus seismic map
• focus
• seismograph 

P-wave 

• The center of a earthquake. 
• Also know as shear or secondary wave. 
• Always the first to arrive;  seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in back-and-forth direction
• Hilbert

Primary (P) Waves can pass through...

• solids only

• liquids only

• gases only

• solids, liquids, and gases

The point where the earthquake begins within the Earth.

• epicenter

• fault

• focus

• seismic waves

Pyroclastic material forms when

• magma explodes into the air and travels down the mountain very fast

• lava flows calmly from a crack in the Earth´s crust

• magma remains underground too long

• lava flows underwater

One major belt of volcanoes that surrounds the Pacific Ocean

• Ring of Fire

• Ring of Asia

• Ring o' earthquakes

• Ring a ding ding

What is the opening that extends from the magma chamber to the top of the volcano called?

• magma
• lava
• vent 
• crater

What is Magma when it reaches the surface of Earth?

• Lava
• Mafic Magma
• Felsic Magma
• None of these

Volcanoes are found...

• on land
• under water
• on islands
• all of the above