State Lab- Natural Selection

According to the theory of natural selection, why are some individuals more likely than others to survive and reproduce? 

• Some individuals pass on to their offspring new characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes. 
• Some individuals are better adapted to exist in their environment than others are. 
• Some individuals do not pass on to their offspring new characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes. 
• Some individuals tend to produce fewer offspring than others in the same environment. 

Base your answer(s) to question(s) on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram shows the heads of four different species of Galapagos Islands finches. 
The four different types of beaks shown are most likely the result of 

• gene manipulation 
• natural selection 
• unchanging environmental conditions 
• patterns of behavior learned from parents 

The different tools used during the beaks of finches lab represented 

• feeding adaptations in finches 
• nest construction adaptations 
• variations in seed size 
• variations in ecosystems 

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) 8. on the diagram below and on your knowledge of
biology.
Several of the Galapagos Islands are inhabited by grasshoppers, beetles, flies, bees, and butterflies. Finches that feed on these consumers would have beaks adapted for 

• probing, only 
• probing or grasping 
• crushing or probing 
• parrotlike feeding or grasping 

What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

• To look different from other species.
• To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
• To protect itself against predators.
• To protect itself against prey.

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

• Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
• Because they come from dominant alleles.
• Because they come from recessive alleles.
• Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

All of these finches have different shaped beaks, they are an adaptation to gain access of 

• Water
• Food
• Shelter

How did different beak sizes first arise?

• They arose because of their need to be able to eat different food.
• The arose by chance (random mutation).
• The environment made the change happen.
• The finches beaks changed a little at a time each generation.

What do we call traits that increase an individual's chance to survive and reproduce?

• Maladaptations
• Adaption
• Variations
• Adaptations

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.
Which two finches would compete the least for food? 

• small ground finch and large ground finch 
• large ground finch and sharp-billed ground finch 
• small tree finch and medium ground finch 
• vegetarian finch and small ground finch