Genetics Vocabulary

Trait

• A specific characteristic, like seed color/plant height, for an individual

• Crossing 1 Trait

• Both alleles are the same. They are both dominant and recessive.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Monohybrid Cross

• Both alleles are the same. They are both dominant or both recessive.

• The 2 alleles an organism has for a trait. Genotypes are represented by letters.

• Crossing 1 trait.

Allele

• Represented by a lowercase letter. Recessive traits are expressed when NO dominant alleles are present

• There are 2 alleles for every gene Alleles determine how a trait (gene) is expressed in an organism Each allele is represented by a letter.

• Crossing 1 trait.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Dominant Allele

• Represented by a Capital letter. If even 1 dominant allele is present the dominant form of the trait is expressed.

• A specific characteristic, like seed color/plant height, for an individual

• The 2 alleles an organism has for a trait.

Recessive Allele

• Crossing 1 trait.

• Represented by a uppercase letter.

• Represented by a lowercase letter. Recessive traits are expressed when NO dominant alleles are present

Homozygous

• The alleles are different. One is dominant and the other is recessive.

• Both alleles are the same They are both dominant or both recessive.

• The alleles an organism has for a trait Genotypes are represented by letters.

Heterozygous

• The alleles are different. One is dominant and the other is recessive.

• Both alleles are the same They are both dominant or both recessive.

• The alleles an organism has for a trait Genotypes are represented by letters.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Genotype

• The alleles are different. One is dominant and the other is recessive.

• Both alleles are the same They are both dominant or both recessive.

• The 2 alleles an organism has for a trait.

Phenotype

• The physical appearance of a trait. It is determined by the 2 genotypes alleles. Represented by words

• The 2 alleles an organism has for a gene will go into separate gametes during meiosis.

• Both forms of the trait are Dominant. Both dominant alleles are expressed at the same time.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-2

Law of Segregation

• Use family history to determine how a trait is inherited.

• The 2 alleles an organism has for a gene will go into separate gametes during meiosis.

• Both forms of the trait are Dominant. Both dominant alleles are expressed at the same time.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1