Acids & Bases

•Identify the conjugate acid-base pairs in each reaction-

•NH₄⁺_(aq)+ OH^-_(aq)-->NH_3(aq)+H₂O_(l)

• Acid-NH₄⁺ Base - OH^- CA - NH₃ CB- H₂O

• Acid- OH^- Base - NH₄⁺ CA - NH₃ CB- H₂O

• Acid-NH₄⁺ Base - OH^- CA - H₂O CB- NH₃

• Acid-NH₃ Base - NH₄⁺ CA - H₂O CB-NH₄⁺

•Identify the conjugate acid-base pairs in each reaction-

•HBr_(aq)+H₂O_(l)-->H₃O⁺_(aq)+Br^-_(aq)

• Acid - HBr Base - H₂O CA - H₃O⁺ CB - Br^-

• Acid - H₂O Base - HBr CA - Br^- CB - H₃O⁺

• Acid - HBr Base -H₂O CA -Br^- CB - H₃O⁺

•Identify the conjugate acid-base pairs in each reaction-

•CO₃^2-_(aq)+ H₂O_(l)-->HCO₃^-_(aq)+OH^-_(aq)

• Acid - CO₃^2- Base - H₂O CA - HCO₃^- CB - OH^-

• Acid - H₂O Base - CO₃^2- CA - HCO₃^- CB - OH^-

• Acid - H₂O Base - CO₃^2- CA - OH^- CB - HCO₃^-

A conjugate acid is formed when:

• a base accepts a hydrogen ion

• an acid accepts a hydrogen ion

• an acid donates a hydrogen ion

• a base donates a hydrogen ion

The products of an acid-base reaction are H₃O⁺ & SO₄^-2. Write the balanced equation for the reaction and identify the conjugate acid-base pairs.

• HSO₄^-_(aq) + H₂O_(L) <---> H₃O⁺_(aq) + SO₄^-2_(aq)

  Acid- HSO₄^- Base - H₂O CA - H₃O⁺ CB - SO₄^-2

• H₃O⁺_(aq) + SO₄^-2_(aq) <---> HSO₄^-_(aq) +H₂O_(L)

  Acid- H₃O⁺ Base - SO₄^-2 CA -HSO₄^- CB - H₂O

• HSO₄^-_(aq) + H₂O_(L) <---> H₃O⁺_(aq) + SO₄^-2_(aq)

  Acid- HSO₄^- Base - H₂O CA - SO₄^-2 CB - H₃O⁺

•Because they produce the maximum number of hydrogen ions, _______acids are good conductors of electricity.

Acids that ionize only partially in dilute aqueous solutions are called _____ _______.

•A base that dissociates completely into metal ions and hydroxide ions is known as a __________ ________.

Explain how the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions determine whether a solution is acidic, basic, or neutral.

• In an acidic solution, [H+] > [OH-}; in a neutral solution, [H+] = [OH-] ; in a basic solution, [H+] < [OH-]

• In an acidic solution, [H+] < [OH-}; in a neutral solution, [H+] = [OH-] ; in a basic solution, [H+] > [OH-]

Relate the strength of a weak acid to the strength of its conjugate base.

• weak acids have strong conjugate base.

• weak acids have weak conjugate base.

• weak acids have equal strength to its conjugate base.