ESOL Biology Evolution Review

The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution.  How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?

• Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
• Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.
• Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
• Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.

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Dolphins have the same arm structure as wolfs, what type of evidence for evolution does this represent?

• DNA
• vestigial structures
• homologous structures
• embryology

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What would indicate that a series of fossils represent evolution?

• the fossils were identical
• the fossils were found in the same layers of rock
• the fossils show similarities
• the fossils were completely different

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Natural selection is

• survival of the fittest
• humans change
• two species are the same
• more animals survive

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Eyes that can see in the dark is a(an) _______ inherited by nocturnal animals (animals that sleep during the day and are awake at night).

• adaptation

• acquired trait

• learned ability

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The pelvic bone of whales is not needed for movement within the water. This is an example of a(n) ______________ structure.

• vestigial

• analogous

• homologous

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Many different groups of organisms have wings, even though they do not share a recent common ancestor. This is because they evolved in environments with similar selective pressures. Wings are an example of a(n) ______________ structure.

• vestigial

• analogous

• homologous

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A remnant or trace of an organism from the past is called a _______.

• Ancestor
• Skeleton
• Fossil
• Imprints

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Survival of the fittest or when favorable adaptations reproduce faster is called what?

• Evolution
• Adaptation
• Natural selection
• Fossilization

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The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 

• diversity.
• evolution
• adaptation
•  fitness

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