Quiz about "Pretest" LEAP 2025 Science (Blue Book)

Question 1

PRETEST (p. 3)

The map above shows changes to Louisiana's coastline over a period of 150 years. Much of the coastline eroded during the time period. Louisisana loses one football field length of coast each day because of human activity and natural processes such as hurricanes and river changes.

Global warming causes glaciers to melt faster.

What is most likely the outcome of this event?

Accepted Answer

there will be more coastal erosion

Answer

there will be more freshwater spilling into oceans

Answer

there will be more freshwater lakes formed

Answer

freshwater becomes saltwater

Question 2

PRETEST (p. 3)

The map above shows changes to Louisiana's coastline over a period of 150 years. Much of the coastline eroded during the time period. Louisisana loses one football field length of coast each day because of human activity and natural processes such as hurricanes and river changes.

Global warming causes glaciers to melt faster.

What is another likely the outcome of this event?

Accepted Answer

the supply of freshwater goes down.

Answer

there will be more freshwater spilling into oceans

Answer

there will be more freshwater lakes formed

Answer

freshwater becomes saltwater

Question 3

PRETEST (p. 3)

Jana explores a cave with her family and finds some rose quartz. The quartz was most likely formed by which process?

Accepted Answer

crystallization

Answer

weathering

Answer

erosion

Answer

melting ice

Question 4

PRETEST (p. 3)

An area near a beaver dam experiences soil erosion. Why does the soil erosion happen?

Accepted Answer

The loss of plant roots cause instability in the soil (leading to more erosion).

Answer

Beaver dams actually prevents erosion.

Answer

The loss of plant roots causes stability in the soil and no erosion occurs.

Answer

Beaver dams are fictional and do not exist.

Question 5

PRETEST (p. 4)

Ben takes a look at the map. He hears the city is about to build more levees to prevent flooding.

Which statement describes how the levees and coastal erosion are connected?

Accepted Answer

Levees add to the problem of coastal erosion as they loosen the soil when they are built.

Answer

Coastal erosion causes beaches to disappear which leads to more levees.

Answer

Hurricanes cause levees to fail and lead to coastal erosion.

Answer

There are not enough levees to prevent coastal erosion.

Question 6

PRETEST (p. 4)

A slow moving glacier carves out the rock and soil around it. What could happen because of the glacier?

Accepted Answer

The glacier carves out a freshwater river.

Answer

Flooding could happen in the areas around the glacier.

Answer

The sea level will rise around the glacier.

Answer

The glacier reveals hidden fossils in the area.

Question 7

PRETEST (p. 4, 5)

Sue is the largest and most intact T-rex skeleton on Earth. Paleontologist Sue Henderickson discovered the dinosaur in South Dakota. The dinosaur bones were covered by mud and water shortly after its death. This prevented the bones from being carried off by other creatures. The bones were also found in layer of soil.

Sue the Dinosaur's skeleton was found in perfect condition. Why do you think the bones remained in good condition over millions of years?

Accepted Answer

because the conditions were perfect for fossil formation

Answer

because no one was around the area

Answer

dinosaur fossils are always perfect

Question 8

A paleontologist in the future discovers an imprint of a jellyfish preserved in stone near the shore. Which statement best explains the type of fossil found?

Accepted Answer

The soft tissue left a cavity in the stone.

Answer

The lack of bones made it impossible to preserve the jellyfish.

Answer

The jellyfish is a short-lived species, making it an index fossil.

Question 9

A paleontologist in the future discovers an imprint of a jellyfish preserved in stone near the shore. Which statement is another example which explains the type of fossil found?

Accepted Answer

The decayed soft tissue was pressed in the stone, making the imprint.

Answer

The lack of bones made it impossible to preserve the jellyfish.

Answer

The jellyfish is a short-lived species, making it an index fossil.

Question 10

A paleontologist in the future discovers an imprint of a jellyfish preserved in stone near the shore. Which statement is another example which explains the type of fossil found?

Accepted Answer

The lack of shell made it difficult to make a better fossil.

Answer

The lack of bones made it impossible to preserve the jellyfish.

Answer

The jellyfish is a short-lived species, making it an index fossil.

Question 11

Rock layers are typically formed by sedimentation. Minerals in liquid harden into layers. Sediments are made of fossils and minerals. The layers towards the bottom are the oldest. The younger layers are toward the top of the soil. The image above is an example of rock layers. You can see the soil of the top layer and more rock an minerals as you look toward the bottom.

An investigation of soil layers in California reveals the top layer of soil is not the youngest. The layers of soil were disturbed in the area. What is the most likely explanation for the disturbance of the soil layers?

Accepted Answer

An earthquake likely shifted the layers of the soil.

Answer

Someone dug up the layers of soil to confuse them.

Answer

A volcano added new layers of soil.

Answer

Dinosaur fossils changed the soil layers.

Question 12

PRETEST (p. 6 & 7)

The map above compares the size of lakes over time. It also shows the erosion of the coastline and the movement of the ice sheets. Looking at the map, one can see how different processes have changed the Earth's surface.

Based on this map, the Great Salt Lake was much bigger in the Pleistocene Era.

Using the map, support why the Great Salt Lake became smaller.

Accepted Answer

The glaciers shrank upwards toward the north. As the glaciers moved, the lakes became smaller. Also, other Earth processes such as earthquakes and erosion caused the lakes to shrink.

Answer

The Great Salt Lakes did not become smaller.

Answer

Evaporation caused the lakes to become smaller.

Question 13

Fossils appear in the middle or bottom of rock layers. The removal of the top rock layers is the best way to expose the fossils.

Which of the following events may expose fossils in Louisana?

Accepted Answer

flooding

Answer

earthquake

Answer

volcanic eruption

Answer

construction

Question 14

Fossils appear in the middle or bottom of rock layers. The removal of the top rock layers is the best way to expose the fossils.

What is the best explanation for why fossils do not often shift in the ground?

Accepted Answer

The fossils are stuck in the layers of rock.

Answer

They are too large to shift in the ground.

Answer

Flood waters cannot reach that far down.

Answer

The rock layers form natural cement.

Question 15

PRETEST (p. 8-9)

Claws on animals serve different functions and needs. From left to right, the animals claws shown are from a bear, koala bear, and crab. Throughout time, the claws adapted to their environments. You can tell how an animal eats and lives by looking at its claws.

A hiker walking through a forest sees claw marks on trees. The hiker determines a bear likely made those marks. Which statement explains why the bears claws adapted to scratch the trees?

Accepted Answer

The bear's claws allow it to mark its territory on the trees.

Answer

The bear is trying to get the mud off its claws.

Answer

The bear is trying to cut down the tree to get to a bee's hive.

Answer

The bear is trying to make a den from trees.

Question 16

PRETEST (p. 8-9)

Bug or Stick?

If you guessed bug, you are right. The walking stick bug camouflages itself to look like limbs on a tree. There are many species of stick bugs all over the world. They have adapted to the trees in their environment.

A bird flying around a forest fails to spot a walking stick bug in a tree. What conclusion can you draw about why the stick bug wasn't eaten?

Accepted Answer

The stick bug adapted camoflage to protect itself.

Answer

The bird was blind and didn't see the stick bug.

Answer

The stick bug put out a strong odor the bird hates.

Answer

The stick bug is dangerous to birds.

Question 17

PRETEST (p. 8 - 9)

An eagle flies through the air looking for prey. It spots a rabbit nearly two miles away. It swoops down and catches the rabbit.

How is the eagle able to spot the rabbit?

Accepted Answer

the eagle has advanced eyesight which is 4 to 8 times stronger than humans

Answer

the eagle has an advanced sense of smell

Answer

the rabbit waves his legs to catch the eagles attention

Answer

the eagle will never see the rabbit

Question 18

PRETEST (p. 9 - 10)

If a person is missing, tracking dogs can be used to find them. The dogs get the scent of the person from clothes or other items. Once they have the scent, the dogs follow the trail. Bloodhounds, pictured above, are the best trackers. A bloodhound has 300 million scent receptors in its nose. Bloodhounds are the best dogs for locating people. Another interesting facts is that dogs create a scent profile for other dogs and people. They will always remember the scent.

A camper gets lost in the forest. The police use a bloodhound to track his scent. The bloodhound finds him a few miles away from the campsite. How does the dog find the person?

Accepted Answer

bloodhounds have advanced sense of smell

Answer

bloodhounds have advanced eyesight

Answer

bloodhounds bark until people answer

Question 19

PRETEST (p. 10)

This butterfly has spots on its wings that looks like animal eyes. This adaptation is called _____.

Accepted Answer

mimicry

Answer

warning coloration

Answer

hibernation

Answer

migration

Question 20

PRETEST (p. 10)

A medicine ball is a large, heavy ball. A beach ball is a large, light ball. If Thomas throws the medicine ball and the beach ball with the same force which will travel farther and faster?

Accepted Answer

The beach ball will travel farther.

Answer

The medicine ball will travel farther.

Answer

Both balls will travel the same distance.

Answer

The more massive object will travel farther.

Question 21

PRETEST (p. 11)

You drop a penny from the Empire State Building. What force is in effect?

Accepted Answer

gravity

Answer

push

Answer

pull

Answer

magnetism

Question 22

PRETEST (p. 11)

Elara looks at the fish swimming around in their tank. She starts playing music around the tank. The fish swim away from the side of the tank where the speaker is located. Elara wonders how they can hear sound without ears. What is the best explanation for the fish hearing the music?

Accepted Answer

The fish developed special internal organs to sense vibrations.

Answer

The fish have invisible ears.

Answer

The fish see the movement of water from the sound's vibration.

Answer

The fish use echolocation like a dolphin.

Question 23

PRETEST (p. 11)

Mallory boils a pot of water. She touches the handle and gets burned. This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

conduction

Answer

radiation

Answer

convection

Answer

kinetic energy

Question 24

PRETEST (p. 12)

A student investigates the effect of wind turbines on energy usage in her home. The student records her parents' electricity bill over a period of five months. The turbines began providing electricity in January. The chart is the data from the electric bills.

Based on the student's data, what conclusion can you draw about using wind power?

Accepted Answer

The cost of energy went down because of wind power.

Answer

The cost of energy went up because of wind power.

Answer

The cost of energy stayed the same with wind power.

Answer

The wind power cost less during the winter months.

Question 25

PRETEST (p. 12)

A student investigates the effect of wind turbines on energy usage in her home. The student records her parents' electricity bill over a period of five months. The turbines began providing electricity in January. The chart is the data from the electric bills.

The wind turbines stop turning causing a loss in power. What happened to the energy?

Accepted Answer

The turbine returned to a state of potential energy.

Answer

It disappeared completely.

Answer

The energy turned into electricity.

Answer

The turbine created maximum kinetic energy.

Question 26

PRETEST (p. 13)

The wind turbines operate on a system of kinetic energy and wind power. Select the correct explanation of how the wind turbines generate energy.

Accepted Answer

The wind turns the blades, which spin a shaft, which connects to a generator and makes electricity. The electricity is sent through transmission and distribution lines to a substation, then on to homes, businesses and schools.

WIND - MECHANICAL - ELECTRICAL

Answer

The electricity is sent through transmission and distribution lines to a substation, then on to homes, businesses and schools. The wind turns the blades, which spin a shaft, which connects to a generator and makes electricity.

ELECTRICAL - WIND - MECHANICAL

Answer

Spin a shaft, which connects to a generator and makes electricity. The wind turns the blades. The electricity is sent through transmission and distribution lines to a substation, then on to homes, businesses and schools.

MECHANICAL - WIND - ELECTRICAL

Question 27

PRETEST (p. 13)

Your mom donates slightly used clothes to charity. How does this conserve resources?

Accepted Answer

The items are reused.

Answer

The items are recycled.

Answer

The items are thrown away.

Answer

You do not buy new clothes.

Question 28

PRETEST (p. 13)

Copper is a much better thermal conductor than glass. Diamonds are the best thermal conductors of all. Which of the following is in order from lowest thermal conductivity to highest?

Accepted Answer

glass < copper < diamond

Answer

copper < glass < diamond

Answer

diamond < copper < glass

Answer

glass < diamond < copper

Question 29

PRETEST (p. 13)

Tyler and his family go fishing. They throw their soda cans and other trash into Lake Ponchartrain. How does this affect this habitat for animals?

Accepted Answer

Their trash pollutes the lake.

Answer

Their trash creates new homes for animals.

Answer

Their trash provides animals with food.

Answer

Their trash helps plants to grow.

Question 30

PRETEST (p. 14)

Marcus lights a fire in the fireplace. He stands in front of it. What happens as a result of him lighting the fire?

Accepted Answer

an increase in thermal energy

Answer

a decrease in thermal energy

Answer

sparks forming in the air

Question 31

PRETEST (p. 14)

Marcus lights a fire in the fireplace. He stands in front of it. What happens as a result of him lighting the fire?

Accepted Answer

the transfer of heat from the fire to the air

Answer

sparks forming in the air

Answer

a loss of kinetic energy

Question 32

PRETEST (p. 14)

Marcus lights a fire in the fireplace. He stands in front of it. What happens as a result of him lighting the fire?

Accepted Answer

an increase in temperature

Answer

sparks forming in the air

Answer

a loss of kinetic energy

Question 33

PRETEST (p. 14 - 15)

Human and cat ears are different. They have similar internal structures, but their ability to process sound is varied. A human ear cannot rotate towards the sound. We have to turn our heads. A cat's ear moves in the direction of the sound. A can hear sounds up to 100,000 Hz (hertz), which is 80,000 times higher than humans. It explains why cats suddenly start running around. They have heard something we cannot hear.

Kelly watches her cat jump down from her couch and run towards the wall. The cat sits in a corner. Kelly sees her cat's ears rotating toward a sound Kelly can't hear. Later, the cat catches a mouse.

PART A:

Why was Kelly unable to hear the mouse?

Accepted Answer

The mouse sounds were below the range of human hearing.

Answer

The mouse was too small to hear.

Answer

Kelly is unable to hear soft sounds.

Answer

The mouse was not actually making sound.

Question 34

PRETEST (p. 14 - 15)

Human and cat ears are different. They have similar internal structures, but their ability to process sound is varied. A human ear cannot rotate towards the sound. We have to turn our heads. A cat's ear moves in the direction of the sound. A can hear sounds up to 100,000 Hz (hertz), which is 80,000 times higher than humans. It explains why cats suddenly start running around. They have heard something we cannot hear.

Kelly watches her cat jump down from her couch and run towards the wall. The cat sits in a corner. Kelly sees her cat's ears rotating toward a sound Kelly can't hear. Later, the cat catches a mouse.

PART B:

What is the most likely reason a cat developed advanced hearing?

Accepted Answer

to find prey to eat

Answer

to find a mate in the wild

Answer

to chase animals we can't hear

Answer

to hear human voices better

Question 35

PRETEST (p. 15)

"ECHOLOCATION"

Dolphins use sound waves ro communicate. They send out different sounds to talk to other dolphins and learn about their environment. This system of communication is called echolocation. The dolphins send the sound waves outward. Those sound waves bounce off objects and living things and return to the dolphin. The dolphins receive the information about the object. They can tell where the object or other living thing is located. The human system of sonar is similar to echolocation. Sound can't move without a medium which is an enveloping substance, such as air or water.

A dolphin gets separated from its pod (a group of dolphins), which is miles away. The dolphin finds its pod a few hours later. How does the dolphin know the difference between the ships and its pod?

Accepted Answer

echolocation gives the dolphin information about the shape, size, and distance of the object

Answer

the dolphin uses his sense of smell

Answer

the dolphin uses advance eyesight to see his pod

Answer

the dolphin will never find his pod again

Question 36

PRETEST (p. 15)

Sound waves cause vibrations. For sound to travel, there must be a medium which can be made to vibrate. This explains why ____.

Accepted Answer

sound moves faster in steel than in water.

Answer

sound travels faster in outer space than in air.

Answer

sound travels faster in the air than in water.

Answer

sound travels faster in water than in steel.

Question 37

PRETEST (p. 15)

Alex knows his parents are talking about Christmas presents in their room. He wants to hear the conversation happening on the other side of the wall. He puts his ear against the wall but can't hear anything. He takes a glass and puts it against the wall. He puts his ear against the glass and hears about his Christmas presents. Which phrase best explains why Alex could hear better using the glass?

Accepted Answer

The glass is another solid for the sound to move through.

Answer

The glass cuts out other noises which kept Alex from hearing.

Answer

The glass makes a tunnel for Alex's ear.

Answer

The glass did not actually help. His parents were talking louder.

Question 38

PRETEST (p. 17 - 18)

The game of pool is essentially a game of collisions. The pool balls must collide with each other to drop into the pockets. The balls hitting each other is an example of a collision. Elastic collisions happen when two objects collide and the total kinetic energy of the two is equal to their total kinetic energy before they made contact.

Two friends are playing pool. A player wants to hit ball 2 iwth ball 1. Where should he strike ball 1?

Accepted Answer

Point A

Answer

Point B

Answer

Point C

Answer

Point D

Question 39

PRETEST (p. 17 - 18)

"Wonders of Gravity"

*Isaac Newton described the laws of gravity after seeing an apple fall from a tree.

*Gravity causes objects to fall towards the Earth.

*The moon's gravity affects the oceans' tides.

*Gravity travels at the speed of light.

Isaac Newton became aware of gravity when an apple fell on his head. During the fall of the apple, energy transfers FROM what form?

Accepted Answer

potential energy

Answer

kinetic energy

Answer

light energy

Answer

magnetic energy

Question 40

PRETEST (p. 18)

"Archery"

Archery is a sport where an arrow is fired from a bow. The goal is to hit a target. Archery is a combination of potential and kinetic energy. The amount of energy also determines how fast and far anarrow flies towards its target.

Savanah enters an archery contest. She only pulls the string back halfway before releasing the arrow. The arrow only makes it halfway to the target. Which statement best explains why the arrow only flew part way?

Accepted Answer

Failing to pull the string all the way back led to less potential energy.

Answer

The kinetic energy was too strong to reach the target.

Answer

The arrow was too heavy to make it to the target.

Answer

The pull of gravity was stronger halfway to the target.

Question 41

PRETEST (p. 19)

An explorer in South Africa discovers a large crater in the Earth. It's nearly a mile wide. What geological event likely created the crater on the Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

meteorite strike

Answer

weathering

Answer

sedimentation

Answer

crystallization

Question 42

PRETEST (p. 19)

The Louisiana River washes bits of rock away along its riverbanks. This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

erosion

Answer

deposition

Answer

minerals

Answer

sedimentation

Question 43

PRETEST (p. 20)

This map shows the route birds take when they are flying south. Which behavior are the birds demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

migrating

Answer

camouflaging

Answer

mimicry

Answer

hibernating

Question 44

PRETEST (p. 20 - 21)

Miriam moved to Japan to teach English. She tells her family there are many active volcanoes on the islands. She lives near Mt. Fuji, which is an inactive volcano. Based on the map, what is the reason Japan has so many volcanoes?

Accepted Answer

The trenches around Japan lead to many volcanoes.

Answer

Tsunamis shaped the islands, not volcanoes.

Answer

The map gives no infomation about active volcanoes.

Question 45

PRETEST (p. 20 - 21)

Miriam moved to Japan to teach English. She tells her family there are many active volcanoes on the islands. She lives near Mt. Fuji, which is an inactive volcano. Based on the map, give another reason Japan has so many volcanoes?

Accepted Answer

The islands of Japan are in the Ring of Fire formed by volcanoes.

Answer

Tsunamis shaped the islands, not volcanoes.

Answer

The map gives no infomation about active volcanoes.

Question 46

PRETEST (p. 21)

Eli is sitting in his living room when an earthquake strikes. The ceiling fan in his living room drops from the ceiling. Which statement BEST explains why the ceiling fan fell?

Accepted Answer

The earthquake caused unbalanced forces which caused the fan to drop.

Answer

The weak ceiling materials caused the fan to drop.

Answer

The pull of gravity increased during the earthquake.

Answer

The ceiling fan was not earthquake proof.

Question 47

PRETEST (p. 21)

A paleontologist finds an unknown footprint in stone, millions of years old. What type of fossil did she find?

Accepted Answer

trace

Answer

cast

Answer

preserved

Answer

carbonized

Question 48

PRETEST (p. 21)

The cricket hears sounds through its knees. What kind of adaptation is this?

Accepted Answer

structural

Answer

behavioral

Answer

physiological

Question 49

PRETEST (p. 22)

A new species of bird is discovered. It has developed webbed feet. What conclusion can you draw about the bird?

Accepted Answer

It has adapted for swimming.

Answer

It has adapted for hunting small animals.

Answer

It has adapted for defense.

Answer

It has adapted for running fast.

Question 50

PRETEST

Select the energy transformation.

Accepted Answer

chemical > electrical > radiant (light)

Answer

electrical > chemical > radiant (light)

Answer

radiant light > chemical > electrical

Answer

chemical > radiant (light) > electrical

Question 51

PRETEST

The Law of Consevation states ______.

Accepted Answer

Energy can not be created nor destroyed, but can change form (transferred).

Answer

Energy can be created but not destroyed.

Answer

Energy can not be created, but can be destroyed.

Answer

Energy can change form and be created and destroyed.

Question 52

PRETEST

Accepted Answer

sun light > chemical energy in plants > plant remains compressed into fuel > fossil fuels in power plants to produce electricity

Answer

fossil fuels burned in power plants > sun light > chemical energy in plants > plant remains compressed into fuel

Answer

chemical energy in plants > sun light > fossil fuels burned in power plants to produce electricity> plant remains compressed into fuel

Answer

sun light > fossil fuels in power plants to produce electricity > chemical energy in plants > plant remains compressed into fuel

Question 53

PRETEST (p. 22)

Jameson sees a waterwheel turning in a river. The waterwheel is generating electricity in a nearby building. Select how the energy from the waterwheel powers the building.

Accepted Answer

1. The waterwheel conducts the kinetic energy.

2. The water drops from the blades of the wheel when it spins, which assists it in spinning.

3. The spinning of the wheel turns the machine used for generating power.

4. The water is powering a turbine.

Answer

1. The water is powering a turbine.

The waterwheel conducts the kinetic energy.

2. The water drops from the blades of the wheel when it spins, which assists it in spinning.

3. The spinning of the wheel turns the machine used for generating power.

4. The waterwheel conducts the kinetic energy.

Answer

1. The spinning of the wheel turns the machine used for generating power.The waterwheel conducts the kinetic energy.

2. The water drops from the blades of the wheel when it spins, which assists it in spinning.

3. The waterwheel conducts the kinetic energy

4. The water is powering a turbine.

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