Biology 1 LEAP Review Practice Test 2

Use the list below to answer the question. A student looking through a microscope records observations about a cell. Which stage of the cell cycle has the student described?

• A. prophase

• B. anaphase

• C. interphase

• D. telophase

Before cellular division, the cell must duplicate its DNA so that daughter cells will contain complete copies of the DNA. Which characteristic of DNA makes it most suitable as a molecule for this role?

• A. DNA is located in the nucleus.

• B. DNA is a large macromolecule.

• C. DNA is made of repeating sugar-phosphate subunits

• D. DNA is made of two strands of complementary nucleotides

3. Which statement best explains how organisms accomplish passing on traits to their offspring?

• A. Traits are acquired when parents care for their offspring

• B. Offspring inherit traits when DNA is replicated during mitosis.

• C. Traits are inherited by the transfer of genetic material from parent to offspring.

• D. Offspring acquire traits when cells become specialized for certain functions.

During a cell division cycle, chromosome segments from two homologous chromosomes exchange places. Which result is most likely to occur following this cycle?

• A. Genetic material will be lost.

• B. The number of chromosomes will increase

• C. The total number of genes in the cell will decrease.

• D. A change in gene location will occur on both chromosomes.

Which statement best describes how organisms use DNA and amino acids to synthesize a protein?

• A. DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is translated by the ribosome to produce an amino acid chain.

• B. DNA is translated into mRNA, which is transcribed by the ribosome to produce an amino acid chain.

• C. Amino acids are transcribed into mRNA, which is translated in the nucleus to produce a molecule of DNA.

• D. Amino acids are translated into mRNA, which is transcribed in the nucleus to produce a molecule of DNA.

Use the information below to answer the question. Which mutation would most likely affect the organism’s phenotype?

Original RNA Sequence of Organism

AUG–GCU–UGU

• A. AUG–GCC–UGU

• AUG–GCG–UGU

• AUG–GCU–UGA

• AUG–GCU–UGC

Two closely related shrimp species have habitats and niches that partially overlap. Which factor most likely caused the divergence of the shrimp into separate species?

• A. reproductive isolation

• B. reduction of food supply

• C. a series of rapid mutations

• D. large initial population size

Use the diagram below to answer the question. The diagram shows the forelimbs of three animals. Which statement best describes the bones in the animals?

• A. All organisms on Earth have the same bones.

• B. Different bones in similar species serve the same function.

• C. The species that are the most evolved have the longest bones

• D. Similar bones in different organisms may have different functions.

Which sequence best orders ecological categories from the one with the fewest number of individuals to the one with the greatest number of individuals?

• A. ecosystem, population, community, biome

• B. population, community, ecosystem, biome

• C. biome, population, community, ecosystem

• D. community, biome, population, ecosystem

Use the energy pyramid below to answer the question. Energy pyramids describe food and energy relationships within an ecosystem. Which factor most likely limits the number of levels an energy pyramid can have?

• A. biomass of the top-level organisms

• B. predation by the top-level organisms

• C. energy loss between each level of organisms

• D. chemical energy being decomposed at each level of organisms