Simple Harmonic Motion AP

A block of mass 0.5kg on a horizontal surface is attached to a horizontal spring of negligible mass and spring constant 50N/m. The other end of the spring is attached to a wall, and there is negligible friction between the block and the horizontal surface. When the spring is unstretched, the block is located at x=0m. The block is then pulled to x=0.3m

and released from rest so that the block-spring system oscillates between x=−0.3m and x=0.3m. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the block and the direction of the net force exerted on the block when it is located at x=0.3m?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

A block attached to the lower end of a vertical spring oscillates up and down. If the spring obeys Hooke’s law, the period of oscillation depends on which of the following?

I. Mass of the block

II. Amplitude of the oscillation

III. Force constant of the spring

• I only

• II only

• I and II

• I and III

A simple pendulum is used to determine the acceleration due to gravity at the surface of a planet. The pendulum has a length of 2 m and its period is measured to be 2 s. The value of g obtained in this investigation is most nearly

• 1 m/s²

• 2 m/s²

• 10 m/s²

• 20 m/s²

In an experiment, one end of a string is attached to an object of mass M, and the other end of the string is secured so that the object is at rest as it hangs from the string. When the object is raised to a height above its lowest point, the object undergoes simple harmonic motion. Data collected from the experiment is graphed and linearized, as shown. What information from the graph can be used to determine the acceleration due to gravity for an object that is released from rest near Earth’s surface and allowed to fall to the ground?

• The slope of the graph represents $\frac{1}{\sqrt{g}}$
  

• The slope of the graph represents $\frac{2\pi}{\sqrt{g}}$

• The slope of the graph represents $\frac{4\pi^2}{g}$

• The graph cannot be used to determine the acceleration due to gravity for an object that is released from rest and allowed to fall to the ground.

A marble is placed at the bottom of a semi-spherical bowl, as shown in the figure. The marble is then displaced from the bottom of the bowl to a position about halfway from the top of the bowl. The marble is then released from rest such that the marble always remains in contact with the bowl. Students observe that the marble rolls back and forth as it oscillates about the bottom of the bowl. Which of the following statements best explains why the marble undergoes oscillatory motion?

• The sides of the bowl become steeper at positions farther from the bottom of the bowl.

• The net force exerted on the marble always has a component directed toward the bottom of the bowl.

• The normal force exerted on the marble decreases with increasing distance from the bottom of the bowl.The normal force exerted on the marble decreases with increasing distance from the bottom of the bowl.C

• The gravitational force exerted on the marble is constant in magnitude and direction.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

A student attaches a block to a vertical spring so that the block-spring system will oscillate if the block-spring system is released from rest at a vertical position that is not the system’s equilibrium position. The system oscillates near Earth’s surface. The system is then taken to the Moon’s surface, where the gravitational field strength is nearly 1/6

that of the gravitational field strength near Earth's surface. Which of the following claims is correct about the period of oscillation for the system?

• The system has a longer period on Earth than on the Moon.

• The system has a shorter period on Earth than on the Moon.

• The system has the same period on Earth as the Moon.

• The period of oscillation cannot be determined without knowledge of the spring constant, the mass of the block, and the exact gravitational field strength near Earth’s surface and the Moon’s surface.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4