theory performance direction

What does grave mean?

• very slow, solemn

• deathly

• graceful

• sad

What does grazioso mean?

• solemn

• joyful

• thankful

• graceful

What does presto mean?

• at speed

• urgent

• fast (but not as fast as allegro)

• very fast

What does tenuto mean?

• held

• forced

• accented

• smoothly

What does this symbol mean?

• tenuto - the note is given a slight pressure

• semi-staccato - the notes should be slightly separated, but less so than notes with ordinary staccato

• marcato - accented and slightly separated

• staccatissimo - played as briefly as possible and possibly accented

What does this symbol mean?

• tenuto - the note is given a slight pressure (and generally slightly separated)

• semi-staccato - the notes should be slightly separated, but less so than notes with ordinary staccato

• marcato - accented and slightly separated

• staccatissimo - played as briefly as possible and possibly accented

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What does this symbol mean?

• martelato - even stronger accent than marcato

• semi-staccato - the notes should be slightly separated, but less so than notes with ordinary staccato

• marcato - accented and slightly separated

• staccatissimo - played as briefly as possible and possibly accented

What does accelerando mean?

• half

• gradually getting slower

• gradually getting quicker

• gradually getting louder

What does adagio mean?

• held back

• slow

• medium ('walking') speed

• quiet

What does allegretto mean?

• fairly quick (but not as quick as allegro)

• fast, faster than allegro

• quick (literally 'cheerful')

• gradually getting quieter